Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The trans configurations of
Concept introduction:
The double bonded carbon will have two distinct configurations if one atom of the double bond possesses two different atoms or groups attached to it. The substituent attached to the double bond determines the configurations of the molecule. If the two groups are attached to the opposite side of the double bond, it is known as trans configuration. If the two groups are attached to the same side of the double bond, it is known as cis configuration.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 3 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles And Mechanisms: Study Guide/solutions Manual (second)
- How conformational change involves ring-flipping ?arrow_forwardPlease give explanation alsoarrow_forwardAnswer this question:How to draw the line bond formula or lewis structure of a methyl ketone with the chemical formula C6H5C3H5O? (also taking into consideration the solubility test and chemical test results provided below) Based on the results of the solubility tests the compound is insoluble in water, 10% NaOH and 10% HCl but soluble in concentrated H2SO4. The functional group/class is identified to be Methyl Ketone, based on the results of the chemical tests on Table 2. CHEMICAL TEST OBSERVATIONS +(compound tested positive for the chemical reaction)/ otherwise (-) Molisch test turbid colorless solution - 2,4-DNP test formation of orange-yellow precipitates + Tollen’s test turbid colorless solution - Ninhydrin test clear pale-yellow solution - iodoform test clear pale-yellow solution +arrow_forward
- Draw the following molecules. (S)-2-bromoheptanearrow_forward3. Circle the polar functional group in the following and identify them. (a) Br-CH2-CHz-COOH (b) CH3-CH2-CH2-NH- CH2-SHarrow_forwardBased on the structures of lycopene and β-carotene, which are two chemicals found in another common vegetable, the tomato, answer the following questions: 1. Are they stereoisomers, constitutional isomers or not even isomers? 2. Do you expect them to be relatively polar or nonpolar substances? Why? 3. How many double bonds are in lycopene? How many in β -carotene? 4. As lycopene is transformed into β -carotene, how many pi electrons from the double bonds are transformed into single bonds? How many new single bonds are being formed in β -carotene? 5. The first step of a possible mechanism for the ring closure in the transformation is outlined below (only part of the structure is shown for simplicity). Draw the product that results from this arrow pushing mechanism. Be sure to include any formal charges that arise from the carbon atoms.arrow_forward
- Look at the model of chloroethane. a) Do all chloroethane molecules spend all of their time in this preferred conformation? Explain why or why not. b) What is the preferred conformation called?arrow_forwardInterconversion of the staggered and eclipsed conformations of alkanes requires rotation around a -C bond such as the one depicted below (see arrow). Using your knowledge of bonding, explain why these rotations do not significantly affect the energy (strength) of these bonds. You may find it helpful to describe the type of bond being rotated.arrow_forwardThe energy difference between a tert-butyl group going from equatorial to axial in a cyclohexane is 18.3 kJ/mol. When two of the carbon atoms are replaced with oxygen atoms (molecule B) the energy difference between the two chair conformations drops to 5.9 kJ/mol. Explain this difference. (Hint: Consider what makes putting groups axial unfavorable).arrow_forward
- This is done by removing an unshared pair from each of two adjacent atoms and adding one electron pair as a second bond between the atoms. Each such operation reduces the number of electrons in the trial structure by two. Removing the unshared pairs of electrons on the carbon atoms and adding a second carbon–carbon bond gives a structure in which there are four electrons involved in a double bond between the carbon atoms. The trial structure now contains electrons ____ and is correct.arrow_forwardWhich of these three compounds Alkane , Alkene and Aromatics has an exothermic reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid? Why?arrow_forward4) CH3 0804 H₂O₂arrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning