Chapter 3, Problem 3.22P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

All of the intermolecular interactions present in $\text{cis-1, 2-dichloroethene}$ and $\text{trans-1, 2-dichloroethene}$ are to be listed. Also using this information, the differences in their boiling points are to be compared.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point of a compound depends on the intermolecular forces of attraction. As the strength of intermolecular force of attraction increases, the energy required to overcome this barrier of force of attraction increases. The strength of the intermolecular interactions from the weakest to the strongest is as follows:

Dispersion forces < Induced dipole-induced dipole < Dipole-dipole < Hydrogen bonding < Ion-dipole < Ion–ion.

As the strength of intermolecular forces increases, the boiling point of the compound increases.