Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780073402772
Author: Janice G. Smith
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.1P
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The reaction of CH3CH2OH and CH3CH3 with H2SO4 to be shown.

Concept introduction: An atom or a group of atoms that shows characteristic physical and chemical properties are collectively known as functional groups. The functional group is the most reactive part present in the molecule. The main functional groups are OH (alcohol group), COOH(carboxylic acid group), CHO(aldehydegroup)) and C=O(ketonegroup).

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, the species that can easily accept the proton is known as base and the species that can easily donate the proton is known as acid. The reaction of an acid with a base always leads to the formation of conjugate acid and base.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.1P

The reaction of CH3CH2OH with H2SO4 gives conjugate acid and conjugate base as the desired major product whereas the reaction of CH3CH3 with H2SO4 does not form any product.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of CH3CH2OH with H2SO4 is given as,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 3, Problem 3.1P , additional homework tip  1

Figure 1

The reaction of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) results in the formation of conjugate acid and conjugate base as the desired products. The reaction of an acid with base containing OH group leads to the formation of conjugate acid and conjugate base.

The reaction of CH3CH3 with H2SO4 is given as,

CH3CH3+H2SO4Noreaction

The reaction of ethane (CH3CH3) with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) does not form any product because ethane is a non-polar compound that does not contain any charge.

Conclusion

The reaction of CH3CH2OH with H2SO4 conjugate acid and conjugate base as the desired major product as shown above whereas the reaction of CH3CH3 with H2SO4 does not form any product.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The reaction of CH3CH2OH and CH3CH3 with NaH to be shown.

Concept introduction: An atom or a group of atoms that shows characteristic physical and chemical properties are collectively known as functional groups. The functional group is the most reactive part present in the molecule. The main functional groups are OH (alcohol group), COOH(carboxylic acid group), CHO(aldehydegroup)) and C=O(ketonegroup).

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, the species that easily tends to accept the proton is known as base and the species that easily donate the proton is known as acid. The reaction of an acid with a base always leads to the formation of conjugate acid and base.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.1P

The reaction of CH3CH2OH with NaH forms ethoxide ion, Na+ ion and H2 as shown below whereas the reaction of CH3CH3 with NaH does not form any product.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of CH3CH2OH with NaH is given as,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 3, Problem 3.1P , additional homework tip  2

Figure 2

The reaction of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) with sodium hydride (NaH) results in the formation of ethoxide ion, Na+ ion and H2 as the desired products.

The reaction of CH3CH3 with NaH is given as,

CH3CH3+NaHNoreaction

The reaction of ethane (CH3CH3) with sodium hydride (NaH) does not form any product because ethane is a non-polar compound that does not contain any charge.

Conclusion

The reaction of CH3CH2OH with NaH forms ethoxide ion, Na+ ion and H2 as shown above whereas the reaction of CH3CH3 with NaH does not form any product.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Organic Chemistry

Ch. 3 - a Label the hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.12PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.13PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.14PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.15PCh. 3 - Nonactin and valinomycin each contain only two...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.17PCh. 3 - Problem 3.26 Label the electrophilic and...Ch. 3 - Problem 3.27 Considering only electron density,...Ch. 3 - The fact that sweet-tasting carbohydrates like...Ch. 3 - 3.29 Identify the functional groups in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.22PCh. 3 - 3.32 Identify the functional groups in each...Ch. 3 - Draw the seven constitutional isomers having...Ch. 3 - 3.33 Identify each functional group located in the...Ch. 3 - Draw seven constitutional isomers with molecular...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.28PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.29PCh. 3 - Intramolecular force of attraction are often...Ch. 3 - 3.40 (a) Draw four compounds with molecular...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.32PCh. 3 - Explain why CH3CH2NHCH3 has higher boiling point...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.34PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.35PCh. 3 - Explain the observed trend in the melting points...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.37PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.38PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.39PCh. 3 - 3.48 Explain why diethylether and have similar...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.41PCh. 3 - 3.50 Predict the solubility of each of the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.43PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.44PCh. 3 - THC is the active component in marijuana, and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.46PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.47PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.48PCh. 3 - Label the electrophilic and nucleophilic sites in...Ch. 3 - By using only electron density arguments,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.51PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.52PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.53PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.54PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.55PCh. 3 - Recall from section 1.10B that there is restricted...
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