Chapter 3, Problem 29A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of ${}^{244}\text{Pu}$ needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction :

The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. The addition of the number of protons and neutrons, is equal to the mass number. When the numbers of neutrons are different the mass number of element is changes but atomic number remains unchanged that consider as an isotope of the element.

Answer to Problem 29A

The number of protons= $94$

The number of neutrons= $150$

The number of electrons = $94$

Explanation of Solution

The number of protons= $94$

For the number of neutrons= Mass number − number of

  $=244-94$$=150$

The number of neutrons= $150$

When the number of electron is equal to the number of protons, then atom is uncharged.

So the number of electrons = $94$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus of $A{m}_{95}$ needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction :

The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons, is equal to the mass number. When the numbers of neutrons are different the mass number of element is changes but atomic number remains unchanged that consider as a isotope of the element.

Answer to Problem 29A

The number of protons = $95$

The number of neutrons= $148$

The number of electrons= $95$

Explanation of Solution

The number of protons = $95$

For the number of neutrons= Mass number − number of protons

   $=243-95$ = $148$

The number of neutrons= $148$

When the number of electron is equal to the number of protons, then atom is uncharged.

So the number of electrons= $95$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus of ${}^{277}A{c}_{89}$ needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction :

The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons, is equal to the mass number. When the numbers of neutrons are different the mass number of element is changes but atomic number remains unchanged that consider as a isotope of the element.

Answer to Problem 29A

The number of protons = $89$

The number of neutrons $=188$

The number of electrons= $89$

Explanation of Solution

The number of protons = $89$

For the number of neutrons= Mass number − number of protons

  $=277-89$$=188$

The number of neutrons $=188$

When the number of electron is equal to the number of protons, then atom is uncharged.

So the number of electrons= $89$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and neutrons are contained in the nucleus of ${}^{132}Cs{}_{55}$ needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction :

The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons, is equal to the mass number. When the numbers of neutrons are different the mass number of element is changes but atomic number remains unchanged that consider as a isotope of the element.

Answer to Problem 29A

The number of protons = $55$

The number of neutrons $=77$

The number of electrons= $55$

Explanation of Solution

The number of protons = $55$

For the number of neutrons= Mass number − number of protons

  $=132-55=77$

The number of neutrons $=77$

When the number of electron is equal to the number of protons, then atom is uncharged.

So the number of electrons= $55$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and neutrons contained in the nucleus of ${}^{192}I{r}_{77}$ needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction :

The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons, is equal to the mass number. When the numbers of neutrons are different the mass number of element is changes but atomic number remains unchanged that consider as a isotope of the element.

Answer to Problem 29A

The number of protons = $77$

The number of neutrons $=115$

The number of electrons= $77$

Explanation of Solution

The number of protons = $77$

For the number of neutrons= Mass number − number of protons

  $=192-77=115$

The number of neutrons $=115$

When the number of electron is equal to the number of protons, then atom is uncharged.

So the number of electrons= $77$

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The number of protons and neutrons contained in the nucleus of ${}^{54}M{n}_{25}$ needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction :

The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons, is equal to the mass number. When the numbers of neutrons are different the mass number of element is changes but atomic number remains unchanged that consider as a isotope of the element.

Answer to Problem 29A

The number of protons = $25$

The number of neutrons= $29$

The number of electrons= $25$

Explanation of Solution

The number of protons = $25$

For the number of neutrons= Mass number − number of protons

  $=54-25=29$

The number of neutrons= $29$

When the number of electron is equal to the number of protons, then atom is uncharged.

So the number of electrons= $25$