Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 22RQ
How many “letters” of an RNA molecule, in sequence, does it take to provide the code for a single amino acid?
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Students have asked these similar questions
how many letters of rna molecules in squence does it take to provide the code for a single amino acid
Here is our DNA sequence:
T-A-C-A-T-G-T-T-T-A-G-G-T-C-C-A-C-C-C-G-T-G-G-G-A-C-T
Write the RNA sequence below as codons (separated by hyphens).
What is your amino acid sequence? The codon table with amino acid sequence is section 6.7 of your
textbook. (Separate the amino acids by hyphens.) Again, be sure to note the start and stop codons.
What is the name of the process of creating an amino acid sequence from RNA?
What would happen if, in the middle of your gene sequence, the DNA was transcribed into the letters
UAA on the mRNA strand? What effect might this have on the gene/trait?
Using the DNA strand (in the box below), provide the complement which would be made through DNA
replication.
T-A-C-A-T-G-T-T-T-A-G-G-T-C-C-A-C-C-C-G-T-G-G-G-A-C-T
Where does each of the following processes occur within the cell?
Transcription:
Translation:
DNA Replication:
An RNA molecule has the following percentages of bases: A = 23%, U = 42%, C = 21%, and G = 14%.
Q. Is this RNA single stranded or double stranded? How can you tell?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 3 - Visit this link...Ch. 3 - Watch this video...Ch. 3 - Watch this video...Ch. 3 - Watch this video...Ch. 3 - Visit this link...Ch. 3 - Because they are embedded within the membrane, ion...Ch. 3 - The diffusion of substances within a solution...Ch. 3 - Ion pumps and phagocytosis are both examples of...Ch. 3 - Choose the answer that best completes the...Ch. 3 - Choose the term that best completes the following...
Ch. 3 - The rough ER has its name due to what associated...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is a function of the rough...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is a feature common to all...Ch. 3 - Which of the following organelles produces large...Ch. 3 - The nucleus and mitochondria share which of the...Ch. 3 - Which of the following structures could be found...Ch. 3 - Which of the following sequences on a DNA molecule...Ch. 3 - Place the following structures in order from least...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is part of the elongation...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not a difference between...Ch. 3 - Transcription and translation take place in the...Ch. 3 - How many letters of an RNA molecule, in sequence,...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not made out of RNA? the...Ch. 3 - Which of the following phases is characterized by...Ch. 3 - A mutation in the gene for a cyclin protein might...Ch. 3 - What is a primary function of tumor suppressor...Ch. 3 - Arrange the following terms in order of increasing...Ch. 3 - Which type of stem cell gives rise to red and...Ch. 3 - What multipotent stem cells from children...Ch. 3 - What materials can easily diffuse through the...Ch. 3 - Why is receptor-mediated endocytosis said to be...Ch. 3 - What do osmosis, diffusion, filtration, and the...Ch. 3 - Explain why the structure of the ER, mitochondria,...Ch. 3 - Compare and contrast lysosomes with peroxisomes:...Ch. 3 - Explain in your own words why DNA replication is...Ch. 3 - Why is it important that DNA replication take...Ch. 3 - Briefly explain the similarities between...Ch. 3 - Contrast transcription and translation. Name at...Ch. 3 - What would happen if anaphase proceeded even...Ch. 3 - What are cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and...Ch. 3 - Explain how a transcription factor ultimately...Ch. 3 - Which of the following structures could be found...
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- The genetic code uses combinations of 3 RNA bases as letters, each triplet specifies only one amino acid uses combinations of 3 RNA bases as letters, each triplet can specify more than one amino acid uses combinations of 3 DNA bases as letters to specify the amino acids uses combinations of 3 tRNA bases as letters to specify the amino acidsarrow_forwardWhy is DNA and not any other macromolecule represents the genetic code?arrow_forwardUse the codon chart to determine the following RNA strand in amino acids (Remember to write it the same way the strand is): ACA-AGG-UUA-UGA second letter C A UAU Tyr U UUU UCU UGU Phe Cys UUC UCC UAC UGC C Ser UAA stop | UGA stop| A UAG stop UGG Trp UUA UCA UUG Le UCG CUU CCU CAU CGU His CUC ССС CAC CGC Leu Pro Arg CUA ССА САА CGA Gln СCG CAG CGG CUG AGU AAU Asn AUU ACU Ser AGC S AGA Arg AAC AUC } lle A AUA АСC Thr AAA Lys АСА AUG Met ACG AAG AGG GUU GCU GAU GGU Asp GAC GGC Gly GGA GCC GUC Val Ala GAA GAG } GUA GCA Glu GGG GUG GCG Your answer first letter ACUCAGUCAGUCAG third letterarrow_forward
- Table 8.2: Transcription and translation of the first 7 codons in the B-globin chain of hemoglobin. Normal Sequence Mutated Sequence DNA DNA amino acid DNA DNA amino Codon MRNA Codon MRNA coding template strand coding template strand strand acid code code strand sequence sequence G 1 1 G G C 2 A 2 A 3 G G A A 4 4 C G A G G G G 7 A 7 A G G Shape of RBC Shape of RBC 23 3.arrow_forwardBelow is the 5’–3’ strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule with the following nucleotide sequences:5’ C C T A T G C A G T G G C C A T A T T C C A A A G C A T A G C 3’ 1. If the RNA synthesized above (item #3) is a functional mRNA and all the nucleotides belong to an exon,a. how many codons are present in this mRNA?b. how many codons actually code for a protein in this mRNA?c. what stop codon is present in this mRNA?arrow_forwardBelow is the 5’–3’ strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule with the following nucleotide sequences:5’ C C T A T G C A G T G G C C A T A T T C C A A A G C A T A G C 3’ 1. If the RNA synthesized above (item #1) is a functional mRNA and all the nucleotides belong to an exon,a. how many codons are present in this mRNA?b. how many codons actually code for proteins in this mRNA?c. what stop codon is present in this mRNA?arrow_forward
- Which of the following stretches of RNA is most likely to form a hairpin with 4 bases making up the turn? UUGCGCAUAACG GCUAUUCCGCUA CACGAUUCGCAC OG CUCUAAGGAGCarrow_forwardDNA gene TAC AGC TTT mRNA codon (No thymine in RNA!) tRNA anticodon (No thymine in RNA!) Amino acid Use the mRNA with the Genetic Code. Use the mRNA with the Genetic Code. Answer the questions below. Questions How many nucleotides would be needed to code for a protein that has 100 amino acids? Using the Genetic Code in Table 6.3, write all of the possible codons that signal the start and end of a gene. Start: End: An amino acid sequence of a protein molecule includes methionine, lysine, serine and glycine. Show each different codon that could result in each of these amino acids. You will have more than one codon for all of them except methionine. Amino Acids All Possible Codons Methionine Lysine Serine (Look carefully. There are six possibilities) Glycine Question 3 illustrates the redundant nature of the genetic code. Can you think of an advantage of having several codons that all code for the…arrow_forwardFirst base of RNA codon Provide the sequence of amino acids that would be translated from the following strand of RNA. Use the chart provided below: Second base of RNA codon U A UUU UCU UAU UGU Phenylalanine Tyrosine Cysteine UUC (Phe) UCC UAC (Tyr) UGC (Cys) C U Serine UUA UCA (Ser) UAA Stop UGA Stop Leucine UUG (Leu) UCG UAG Stop UGG Tryptophan (Trp) G CUU CCU CAU CGU Histidine CUC CCC CAC (His) CGC 0 Leucine Proline Arginine CUA (Leu) CCA (Pro) CAA CGA (Arg) Glutamine CUG CCG CAG (Gln) CGG AUU ACU AAU AGU Asparagine Serine AUC Isoleucine ACC AAC (Asn) AGC (Ser) A (lle) Threonine AUA ACA (Thr) AAA AGA Lysine Arginine AUG Met or start ACG AAG (Lys) AGG (Arg) GUU GCU GAU GGU Aspartic GUC GCC GAC acid (Asp) GGC G Valine Alanine Glycine GUA (Val) GCA (Ala) GAA GGA (Gly) Glutamic GUG GCG GAG acid (Glu) GGG AUGGGC CUAGGAUUUCCAACCUAG Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt Paragraph BI U T² : Third base of RNA codonarrow_forward
- How many nucleotides in a row make one codon?arrow_forwardWhat do you mean by mRNA and tRNA?arrow_forwardRNA has many functions in a cell. Besides mRNA, which carries information from the genome to the translation machinery, and rRNA, which is part of ribosomes and catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, name three other types of RNA and describe the function of each.arrow_forward
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