Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 29, Problem 4RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The first three trophic levels in an ecosystem.
Introduction:
Ecosystem is composed of all the biotic and abiotic components that exist together and interact with each other for their survival. An ecosystem consists of several trophic levels that mainly include the producers, consumers, detritivores, and decomposers. All the trophic levels in the ecosystem are interconnected with each other.
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Hypothetical balanced food chain. Sun and Earth supply 6 units of energy to each plant. For higher tropic levels, individuals consume 2 units of energy each before passing the remainder to the next trophic level. The number of individuals in each trophic level is given below. Complete the table below by computing for the number of energy units in each column.
Trophic Levels
No. Individuals in Each Trophic Level
No. of Units Received from Trophic Level Above
No. Units Used / Individual (Resp)
No. Units Used in Trophic Level
No. Units Remaining & Passed on to Next Trophic Level
Mean No. Units Available per Individual in Trophic Level
SUN +E = 6
1) Plants
30
180
2
2) Grasshopper
19
2
3) Frog
12
2
4) Snake
8
2
5) Owl
4
2
When hunting disrupts the balance in the food chain by removing all owls, there will be no predators on snakes, leading to their increase in numbers.
Considering the scenario where the number of lost owls (4) is replaced by snakes, compute for energy units following in completing the table below.
Trophic Levels
No. Individuals in Each Trophic Level
No. of Units Received from Trophic Level Above
No. Units Used / Individual (Resp)
No. Units Used in Trophic Level
No. Units Remaining & Passed on to Next Trophic Level
Mean No. Units Available per Individual in Trophic Level
SUN +E = 6
1) Plants
30
2
2) Grasshopper
19
2
3) Frog
12
2
4) Snake
8 + 4 = 12
2
5) Owl
0
2
Energy transferred from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem is measured in calories, numbers, and in biomass. If a rangeland has a biomass of 100, 000g/m2 from the grass, how much biomass will be available in human beings who eat the cow that eat that grass?
Chapter 29 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 29.1 - explain why nutrients cycle within and between...Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 29.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 29.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 29.2 - describe how energy flows through an ecosystem?Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 29.2 - explain how the inefficiency of energy transfer...Ch. 29.3 - explain why nutrients cycle within and among...Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 1ETCh. 29.3 - Prob. 1TC
Ch. 29.3 - describe the hydrologic, nitrogen, carbon, and...Ch. 29.4 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 29.4 - Prob. 1CTCh. 29.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 29.4 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 29.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 29.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 29.4 - People tend to be much more attuned to whats...Ch. 29.4 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 29 - Prob. 1ACCh. 29 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 29 - Prob. 1MCCh. 29 - Prob. 1RQCh. 29 - Discuss the contribution of human population...Ch. 29 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 29 - Which of the following is not a major reservoir in...Ch. 29 - Prob. 2RQCh. 29 - Feeding levels within ecosystems are also called...Ch. 29 - Prob. 3MCCh. 29 - Define net primary production. Would you predict...Ch. 29 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 29 - Net primary production per unit area is likely to...Ch. 29 - Prob. 4RQCh. 29 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 29 - Prob. 5MCCh. 29 - How do food chains and food webs differ? Which is...Ch. 29 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 29 - Prob. 6RQCh. 29 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 29 - Trace the movement of carbon from one of its...Ch. 29 - Prob. 8RQCh. 29 - Prob. 9RQ
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