(a)
Interpretation:
Bond-line structure for the given set of amino acids in zwitterionic form need to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Bond-line structure is the representation of organic structural formulas in a shorthand manner. In this case only the bond between carbon and other atoms are shown except hydrogen. It is understood that all the remaining valency to be filled by hydrogen. Apart from carbon atoms the other atoms are shown along with hydrogen.
Zwitterion is the one which has the positively and negatively charged groups separately. Zwitterion is found at the pH which is the isoelectric point.
To draw : To draw bond-line structure for L-valine
(a)

Answer to Problem 40PP
The bond-line structure for (a) and its zwitterion form is
Explanation of Solution
Linear formula for L-valine
The linear formula for L-valine is
Draw bonds between the atoms except hydrogen
The structure from the linear formula is drawn as shown above. Considering the valency of carbon to be four, the structure is drawn.
Remove the carbons that are explicitly shown
The carbon atoms are ignored from being explicitly shown as it is understood that the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not shown in bond-line structure.
Assign configuration
As in the name of the problem statement it is said L-valine, the chiral center must have “S” configuration and the same is shown in the above structure.
Zwitterion
Zwitterion is one of the form in which the charge is separated and this is formed at a particular pH known as isoelectric point.
(b)
Interpretation:
Bond-line structure for the given set of amino acids in zwitterionic form need to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Bond-line structure is the representation of organic structural formulas in a shorthand manner. In this case only the bond between carbon and other atoms are shown except hydrogen. It is understood that all the remaining valency to be filled by hydrogen. Apart from carbon atoms the other atoms are shown along with hydrogen.
Zwitterion is the one which has the positively and negatively charged groups separately. Zwitterion is found at the pH which is the isoelectric point.
To draw : To draw bond-line structure for L-tryptophan
(b)

Answer to Problem 40PP
The bond-line structure for (b) and its zwitterion form is
Explanation of Solution
Linear formula for L-tryptophan
The linear formula for L-tryptophan is
Draw bonds between the atoms except hydrogen
The structure from the linear formula is drawn as shown above. Considering the valency of carbon to be four, the structure is drawn. The benzopyroole ring is the one which is represented as
Remove the carbons that are explicitly shown
The carbon atoms are ignored from being explicitly shown as it is understood that the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not shown in bond-line structure.
Assign configuration
As in the name of the problem statement it is said L-tryptophan, the chiral center must have “S” configuration and the same is shown in the above structure.
Zwitterion
Zwitterion is one of the form in which the charge is separated and this is formed at a particular pH known as isoelectric point.
(c)
Interpretation:
Bond-line structure for the given set of amino acids in zwitterionic form need to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Bond-line structure is the representation of organic structural formulas in a shorthand manner. In this case only the bond between carbon and other atoms are shown except hydrogen. It is understood that all the remaining valency to be filled by hydrogen. Apart from carbon atoms the other atoms are shown along with hydrogen.
Zwitterion is the one which has the positively and negatively charged groups separately. Zwitterion is found at the pH which is the isoelectric point.
To draw : To draw bond-line structure for L-glutamine
(c)

Answer to Problem 40PP
The bond-line structure for (c) and its zwitterion form is
Explanation of Solution
Linear formula for L-glutamine
The linear formula for L-glutamine is
Draw bonds between the atoms except hydrogen
The structure from the linear formula is drawn as shown above. Considering the valency of carbon to be four, the structure is drawn.
Remove the carbons that are explicitly shown
The carbon atoms are ignored from being explicitly shown as it is understood that the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not shown in bond-line structure.
Assign configuration
As in the name of the problem statement it is said L-glutamine, the chiral center must have “S” configuration and the same is shown in the above structure.
Zwitterion
Zwitterion is one of the form in which the charge is separated and this is formed at a particular pH known as isoelectric point.
(d)
Interpretation:
Bond-line structure for the given set of amino acids in zwitterionic form need to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Bond-line structure is the representation of organic structural formulas in a shorthand manner. In this case only the bond between carbon and other atoms are shown except hydrogen. It is understood that all the remaining valency to be filled by hydrogen. Apart from carbon atoms the other atoms are shown along with hydrogen.
Zwitterion is the one which has the positively and negatively charged groups separately. Zwitterion is found at the pH which is the isoelectric point.
To draw : To draw bond-line structure for L-proline
(d)

Answer to Problem 40PP
The bond-line structure for (d) and its zwitterion form is
Explanation of Solution
Draw bonds between the atoms except hydrogen
The structure from the linear formula is drawn as shown above. Considering the valency of carbon to be four, the structure is drawn.
Remove the carbons that are explicitly shown
The carbon atoms are ignored from being explicitly shown as it is understood that the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not shown in bond-line structure.
Assign configuration
As in the name of the problem statement it is said L-proline, the chiral center must have “S” configuration and the same is shown in the above structure.
Zwitterion
Zwitterion is one of the form in which the charge is separated and this is formed at a particular pH known as isoelectric point.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 25 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-STUD.SOLNS.MAN+SG(LL)
- Please help me with number 5 using my data and graph. I think I might have number 3 and 4 but if possible please check me. Thanks in advance!arrow_forwarddict the major products of this organic reaction. C Explanation Check 90 + 1.0₂ 3 2. (CH3)2S Click and drag f drawing a stru © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. • 22 4 5 7 8 Y W E R S F H Bilarrow_forwardcan someone draw out the reaction mechanism for this reaction showing all the curly arrows and 2. Draw the GPNA molecule and identify the phenylalanine portion. 3. Draw L-phenylalanine with the correct stereochemistryarrow_forward
- What is the reaction mechanism for this?arrow_forwardPredict the major products of both organic reactions. Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds to show the stereochemistry of the products when it's important, for example to distinguish between two different major products. esc esc Explanation Check 2 : + + X H₁₂O + Х ง WW E R Y qab Ccaps lock shift $ P X Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility Bil T FR F18 9 G t K L Z X V B N M control opption command command T C darrow_forwardDraw the Markovnikov product of the hydrohalogenation of this alkene. this problem. Note for advanced students: draw only one product, and don't worry about showing any stereochemistry. Drawing dash and wedge bonds has been disabled for caps lock Explanation Check 2 W E R + X 5 HCI Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility Bil Y F G H K L ZZ X C V B N M control opption command F10 F10 command 4 BA Ar Carrow_forward
- I don't understand why the amide on the top left, with the R attached to one side, doesn't get substituted with OH to form a carboxylic acid. And if only one can be substituted, why did it choose the amide it chose rather than the other amide?arrow_forwardesc Draw the Markovnikov product of the hydration of this alkene. Note for advanced students: draw only one product, and don't worry about showing any stereochemistry. Drawing dash and wedge bonds has been disabled for this problem. Explanation Check BBB + X 0 1. Hg (OAc)2, H₂O 2. Na BH 5 Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility Bl P 豆 28 2 28 N 9 W E R T Y A S aps lock G H K L Z X C V B N M T central H command #e commandarrow_forwardC A student proposes the transformation below in one step of an organic synthesis. There may be one or more products missing from the right-hand side, but there are no reagents missing from the left-hand side. There may also be catalysts, small inorganic reagents, and other important reaction conditions missing from the arrow. • Is the student's transformation possible? If not, check the box under the drawing area. . If the student's transformation is possible, then complete the reaction by adding any missing products to the right-hand side, and adding required catalysts, inorganic reagents, or other important reaction conditions above and below the arrow. • You do not need to balance the reaction, but be sure every important organic reactant or product is shown. (X) This transformation can't be done in one step. + Tarrow_forward
- く Predict the major products of this organic reaction. If there aren't any products, because nothing will happen, check the box under the drawing area instead. No reaction. Explanation Check OH + + ✓ 2 H₂SO 4 O xs H₂O 2 Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forwardDraw the skeletal ("line") structure of 1,3-dihydroxy-2-pentanone. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X Parrow_forwardPredicting edict the major products of this organic reaction. If there aren't any products, because nothing will happen, check the box under the drawing area instead. + No reaction. Explanation Check HO Na O H xs H₂O 2 Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Iarrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





