Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134433769
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23.4, Problem 1CC
How can the Darwinian concept of descent with modification explain the evolution of such complex structures at the vertebrate eye?
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How can the Darwinian concept of descent with modification explain the evolution of such complex structuresas the vertebrate eye?
Regarding the evolution of the mammalian inner ear, the above diagram shows:A) the co-option of jaw bones (colored) for use in hearingB) the loss of jaw bones (colored) and the origin of de-novo hearing bones C) the evolution of synapsids, which have little to do with mammalian evolutionD) the results of a population bottleneck which led to the fixation of odd alleles for ear development
Eyes are often used in arguments for intelligent design because many consider this organ to be too complex to have evolved by chance alone. However, complex lensed eyes evolved independently both within cephalod mollusks and vertebrates including our own ancestor. In the evolution of these structures the corresponding phylogenies revealed that both:
A) were preceded by the evolution of 'simple' light sensing eyes, thus having adaptive intermediate evolutionary steps.
B) lacked intermediate evolutionary steps involving the evolution of 'simple' eyes.
C) had intermediate evolutionary steps, but ultimately the vertebrate eye had a superior 'design' without any kind of blind spot, relative to the simple invertebrate cephalopod eye.
D) were preceded by vestigial non-functional optic structures.
Chapter 23 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 23.1 - Your measurements indicate that a fossilized skull...Ch. 23.1 - Describe an example from the fossil record that...Ch. 23.1 - WHAT IF? What might a fossil record of life today...Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 23.2 - Explain the consequences of plate tectonics for...Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 23.2 - What factors promote adaptive radiations?Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 23.3 - Explain how new body forms can originate by...Ch. 23.3 - Why is it likely that Hox genes have played a...
Ch. 23.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Given that changes in morphology...Ch. 23.4 - How can the Darwinian concept of descent with...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 23 - Which factor most likely caused animals and plants...Ch. 23 - Adaptive radiations can be a direct consequence of...Ch. 23 - A researcher discovers a fossil of what appears to...Ch. 23 - A genetic change that caused a certain Hox gene to...Ch. 23 - A swim bladder is a gas-filled sac that helps fish...Ch. 23 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Herbivory (plant eating) has...Ch. 23 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Describe how gene flow, genetic...Ch. 23 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION You have seen many examples...Ch. 23 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE In 2010, the Soufriere...
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- Evolutionary biologist Neil Shubin once said, "In one sense, evolution didn't invent anything new? It's using the old to make the new, and we call that tinkering." How does the concept of the evolution of the complex eye and the idea of exaptations support Dr. Shubin's statement? Explain and give an example.arrow_forwardHow, specifically, is the concept of ALLOMETRY relevant to the phylogenetic position of Homo floresiensis? Because if allometry explains the anatomy of Homo floresiensis then we can conclude that it is not separate species but instead a member of our species. Although most mammals on islands go through a process of getting smaller, Homo floresiensis evolved from a smaller ancestor to be bigger, meaning that allometry is an important factor. Mutations in the allometry allele are associated with many of the characteristics of Homo floresiensis. Because Homo floresiensis is so much smaller than other members of the genus Homo, it is important to determine how shape changes associated with smaller size impacted the species. Because Homo floresiensis had both small- and large-bodied forms, variation within the species is in large part dictated by allometry.arrow_forwardA) Would you conclude that the other primates are tasters or non-tasters? Why is this important? What role might the other differences between the species play in an evolutionary sense? Think of the role environment might play as wellarrow_forward
- Which of the following examples from class show that a mutation can have evolutionary benefits? Group of answer choices C) Hox mutations that lead to legs developing on fruit flies where antennae should be A and B A, B, and C B) Hox mutations leading to limbs with digits forming from lobe fins A) Stickleback fish mutationarrow_forwardConsider figure 22.5b. The following statements are true. Choose all applicable options. a) Hair in this case is a developmental homology. b)The hair shown in both species can be considered a homology. c) The common ancestor of both species likely had hair. d) Both species have hair likely because they share a common ancestor.arrow_forwardWhat is the common ancestor of the Galapagos finches? What are the thirteen Galapagos finches? What characteristics make each of the thirteen finches a distinct species? How is each finch isolated from the others? What habitat does each finch live?arrow_forward
- Some people think that many of our uniquely human traits arose by sexual selection. Over thousands of years, women attracted to charming, witty men perhaps prompted the development of human intellect beyond what was necessary for mere survival. Men attracted to women with juvenile features may have shifted the species as a whole to be less hairy and softer featured than any of our simian relatives. Can you think of a way to test these hypotheses?arrow_forwardIf natural selection can only operate on existing variants, where does all that variation come from? If, as Darwin (1868) and Huxley concluded, variation arose from changes in development, then how could the development of an embryo change when development is so finely tuned and complex?arrow_forwardAn adult human has a flat face with a small jaw and large cranium. An adult chimpanzee has a large jaw and small cranium. Both juvenile chimps and humans have heads similar to adult humans. Which of the following is a reasonable explanation for this pattern? Group of answer choices A) genes that modify skull shape are not expressed in chimps during development B) head shape is controlled by cytoplasmic determinants C)genes that modify skull shape are not expressed in humans during development D) chimps and humans have completely different genes controlling the formation of the headarrow_forward
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