Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134433769
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 6TYU
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
Herbivory (plant eating) has evolved repeatedly in insects, typically from meat-eating or detritus-feeding ancestors (detritus is dead organic matter). Moths and butterflies, for example, eat plants, whereas their "sister group" (the insect group to which they are most closely related), the caddisflies, feed on animals,
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Show a phylogenetic tree that reflects the evolutionary relationships between the following taxa. All of the taxa should be on one (1) tree; var. stands for variety, a subspecific taxon (just as a genus can contain several to many species, a species can include several varieties).
Family Fagaceae
Quercus rubra var. rubra Red oak
Quercus rubra var. borealis northern red oak
Quercus velutina Black oak
Fagus grandifolia Beech
Castanea dentata American chestnut
Castanea pumila var. pumila Chinquapin
Castanea pumila var. ashei Coastal chinquapin
Family Betulaceae
Betula nigra River birch
Betula papyrifera Paper birch
Corylus cornuta Beaked hazel-nut
Corylus americana American hazel-nut
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Pimpla rufipesSpecies A: possess a calcium carbonate shell and is found in marine environmentsSpecies B: Segmented worm, marine and possess bristles known as ‘setae’Species C: Bioluminescent, possess special cells known as colloblasts which are attached to tentaclesSpecies D: Parasitic roundworm found in the intestines of mammals; lacks segments, molts a cuticle.
(photo of the phylogenetic tree here)
B.1 Does P. rufipes engage in incomplete or catastrophic metamorphosis? _________________
B.2. Explain why you chose your answer for B.1.
__________________________________________________________________________________
B.3. List ONE (1) advantage of the developmental strategy you chose above?
Constructing a Phylogenetic Tree
Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms.
Plant Group
Photosynthesis?
Seeds?
Water-conducting Tissue?
Flowers?
Ferns
X
Gymnosperms
Mosses
Angiosperms
X
Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions.
D
A
В
Being able to do photosynthesis is an example of a:
O shared derived character
O shared ancestral character
Chapter 23 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 23.1 - Your measurements indicate that a fossilized skull...Ch. 23.1 - Describe an example from the fossil record that...Ch. 23.1 - WHAT IF? What might a fossil record of life today...Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 23.2 - Explain the consequences of plate tectonics for...Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 23.2 - What factors promote adaptive radiations?Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 23.3 - Explain how new body forms can originate by...Ch. 23.3 - Why is it likely that Hox genes have played a...
Ch. 23.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Given that changes in morphology...Ch. 23.4 - How can the Darwinian concept of descent with...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 23 - Which factor most likely caused animals and plants...Ch. 23 - Adaptive radiations can be a direct consequence of...Ch. 23 - A researcher discovers a fossil of what appears to...Ch. 23 - A genetic change that caused a certain Hox gene to...Ch. 23 - A swim bladder is a gas-filled sac that helps fish...Ch. 23 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Herbivory (plant eating) has...Ch. 23 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Describe how gene flow, genetic...Ch. 23 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION You have seen many examples...Ch. 23 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE In 2010, the Soufriere...
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- Please answer fastarrow_forwardGenerate a present (1) or absent (0) code of each character. Afterward, draw the overall phylogenetic tree with the corresponding characters splitting the tree.arrow_forwardThe phylogenetic tree below depicts the evolutionary relation among a subset of ants. The Taxa shaded in correspond to groups that have evolved jaw-like type of structures. Based on this trait, the subfamilies Formicinae and Mymicinae form what type of phyletic relationship? # Trap-jaws have evolved at least once in each of the highlighted clades. O polyphyletic group. monophyletic group. O paraphyletic group. 80 F3 000 000 F4 $ % F5 5 C C F6 Formicinae Myrmicinae Ectatomminae Heteroponerinae Dolichoderinae Aneuretinae Pseudomyrmecinae Myrmeciinae Aenictinae Dorylinae Ecitoninae Cerapachyinae Leptanilloidinae Ponerinae Agroecomyrmecinae Paraponerinae Amblyoponinae Proceratiinae Leptanillinae & ◄◄ F7 7 3486689 Myrmoteras DII F8 Strumigenys Odontomachus Mystrium DD ( F9 0 B F10arrow_forward
- Constructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Plant Group Photosynthesis? Seeds? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses Angiosperms Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. A В What characteristic appears just before group C branches off (the starred location)? flowers water conducting tissue seeds O photosynthesisarrow_forwardTree Thinking Review Draw a bracketed phylogenetic tree of the following groups on the next blank page: • Peat Moss • Capybara • Ostrich Fern • Blobfish • White Pine Tree • Protists • Escheria coli • Mexico Whiptail Lizard • Sunflower Sea Star • Bold Jumping Spider • T. Rex • Flatworm • Apple Tree • Archaea • Chanterelle Mushroom Grasshopper Sparrow After you draw your tree, label where the following traits would have evolved. Consider that traits may have evolved more than one time. • Chloroplasts • Seeds • Endosperm • Flowers • Vascular Tissue • Mitochondria Segmentation • Central Nervous System • Notochord • Vertebrae • Nucleus • Membrane Bound Organelles • Peptidoglycans • Cranium Fur • Lactation • Feathers Jaws • Hollow Dorsal Nerve Cordarrow_forwardMake phylogenetic tree with this organisms: Gray whale,Ginger, Peacock, Tiger, Rice, Cat, Pineapple, Crocodile, Box jellyfish, Bambooarrow_forward
- Evolutionary theory predicts that species are related, not independent. Four of the following examples provide support for this prediction, but one is irrelevant. Which of examples listed below does not support the claim that species are related? O A. Many dinosaurs and other organisms went extinct following a huge asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous. O B. All prokaryotes and eukaryotes use DNA to carry their genetic information. OC. Before synthetic insulin was available, diabetics used injections of purified pig insulin to manage their disease. O D. Ground squirrel species found on the North and South sides of the Grand Canyon are very similar to each other. O E. The endostyle of lancelets (invertebrate chordates) and the thyroid gland of vertebrates develop similarly, and both produce iodinated proteins. «< Question 5 of 120 A Moving to another question will save this response. 11:51 AM 12/16/202 End F10 pgUP F11 PgDn F12 Home PrtScn F8 DII F5 F7 F6 F3 F4 F2 & #3 2$ 7 8 9.…arrow_forwardCreate a phylogenetic treearrow_forwardThree species of orchid bees are in the genus Euglossa and one is in the genus Eulaema. You don’t know which Euglossa are most related. Draw a phylogenetic tree of these species, including the outgroup Apis (genus of honey bees).arrow_forward
- Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary descent of taxa. It refers to the relationship between ancestors and descendants and relationships among descendant taxa. It shows the lineage of taxa which can be summarized in a branching diagram called a phylogenetic tree.1. Express some basic evolutionary relationships among groups of microorganisms, plants, and animals; 2. Illustrate the relationship of organisms with their environment; and 3. Analyze environmental factors contributing to biodiversity richness and lossarrow_forwardThe Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus was the first taxonomist to argue that, contrary to Aristotle: humans and horses should be classified in the same kingdom (Animalia) humans and apes should be classified in the same order (order Anthropomorpha, or Primates) humans and goats should be classified in the same kingdom (Animalia) humans and cats should be classified in the same order (order Anthropomorpha, or Primates) humans and dogs should be classified in the same kingdom (Animalia)arrow_forwardSTANDARDIZED PHYLOGENETICS BIODIVERSITY EVOLUTION EVIDENCES BIOLÓGISTS KINGDOM TAXONOMY TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION PHYLOGENETIC TREE is in charge of A branch of biology called (2). system. A (4) who are experts in taxonomy, helps scientists The variety of life in the world is known as (1) classifying species and giving names via (3). understand and organize the diversity of life in our planet. Basically, it means groups are classified within larger groups. The hierarchical (5) of hierarchy is called the taxonomic level wherein the (6) different because it tells the history of the (7) (8) on. Scientist must collect accurate information using (9) using a (10) which looks like a sequentially branching tree, starting with one common branch, and then splitting into more branches helps scientists understand and organize the diversity of life in our planet .Each level is the highest and specie the lowest. Phylogeny is of a species or group of organisms. A field of science called works on the…arrow_forward
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