Chapter 22, Problem 32P

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

Using the tabular data given below,

1. Evaluate the population frequencies of individuals with the following genotypes- $\text{16/18- at D3S1358}$, $\text{14/18- at}\text{VWA,}$ $\text{23/26- at}\text{FGA}$.

2. How is Hardy-Weinberg analysis applicable in analyzing the CODIS genotypes and STR-locus evaluations?

Allele Frequencies for three VNTR loci used in CODIS
D3S1358		VWA		FGA
Allele	Frequency	Allele	Frequency	Allele	Frequency
12	0.015	12	0.015	18	0.015
13	0.015	14	0.131	19	0.061
14	0.134	15	0.119	20	0.125
15	0.270	16	0.186	21	0.180
16	0.229	17	0.257	22	0.209
17	0.162	18	0.189	23	0.131
18	0.162	19	0.088	24	0.146
19	0.015	20	0.015	25	0.094
				26	0.018
				27	0.015

Introduction:

In $\text{1990}$, the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation created a national DNA database known as the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS). The Federal Bureau of Investigation maintains the national DNA database. It has of three ranks of information – Local DNA Index System (LDIS), State DNA Index System (SDIS), and the National DNA Index System (NDIS).

CODIS – Combined DNA Index System is the United States national DNA database produced and preserved by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Depending on the type of information being searched the CODIS software has multiple different databases. These databases include forensic samples collected from crime scenes, missing persons, etc.

The genetic markers used in the forensic genetic analysis are short tandem repeats (STRs) which contain different numbers of copies of short, repeating sequences of DNA. STRs are less than ten base pairs long and follow a co-dominant pattern of inheritance.