Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 22, Problem 12TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Two individuals from closely-related species hybridize and lead to the formation of a hybrid offspring called allopolyploids. These are also called heteropolyploids or amphipolyploids. Allopolyploids including coffee, cotton, sugarcane and potatoes are very important in agriculture.
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Humans produce skin cells by mitosis and gametes by meiosis. Which of the following statements about the nuclei of skin cells is correct?
a. They contain half as much DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.
b. They contain four times as much DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.
c. They contain the same amount of DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.
d. They contain twice as much DNA as the nuclei of gametes produced by meiosis.
At the end of meiosis in humans, four gametes are produced that are:
A.
Genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell
B.
Genetically identical to each other but genetically different from the parent cell
C.
Genetically different from each other and the parent cell
D.
Genetically identical to the parent cell from different from each other
Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the outcome of meiosis?
A.
In meiosis, one diploid cell (2n) can produce 2 haploid cells in males (1n).
B.
In meiosis, four haploid cells (1n) can produce 2 diploid cells (2n) in males.
C.
In meiosis, one diploid cell (2n) can produce up to 4 haploid cells (1n) in males.
D.
In meiosis, one diploid cell (2n) can produce 2 diploid cells (2n) in females.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 22.1 - How do the morphological, biological, and...Ch. 22.1 - What is clinical variation?Ch. 22.2 - What is the difference between prezygotic and...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 22.3 - Why might insects from different host races be...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 22.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 22 - The biological species concept defines species on...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 22 - A characteristic that exhibits smooth changes in...Ch. 22 - Prezygotic is isolating mechanisms: a. reduce the...Ch. 22 - In the model of allopatric speciation, the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 22 - If two species of holly (genus Ilex) flower during...Ch. 22 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 22 - An animal breeder, attempting to cross a llama...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 22 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking How do human...Ch. 22 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 22 - David Hills of Baylor University noted that three...
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- Even though the processes are very similar, mitosis and meiosis are two very distinct processes. What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis? a. Mitosis results in two identical sister cells genetically identical to the original parent cell, while meiosis also starts with diploid but results in haploid cells. b. Mitosis only occurs in plants and single cell organisms, while meiosis only occurs in animals. c. Mitosis starts with diploid but results in haploid cells, while meiosis results in two identical sister cells genetically identical to the original parent cell.arrow_forwardWhat two processes are responsible for generating genetic diversity in gametes? Select one or more: a. Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes b. Separation of sister chromatids c. Recombination (“crossing over”) of sister chromatids d. Recombination (“crossing over”) of homologous chromosomesarrow_forwardThe following image shows one specific stage of meiosis. Which of the following correctly states what is occurring in this stage? A. Microtubules have begun to pull sister chromatids apart, pulling them toward the poles of the cells. There are two cells at this stage. B. Microtubules have begun to pull homologous chromosomes apart, pulling them toward the poles of the cell. There is only one cell at this stage. C. Microtubules have attached to the chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes are aligned at the midpoint of the cell. There is only one cell at this stage. D. The chromosomes have reached the poles of the cell. There are technically two cells, but cytokinesis has begun in each.arrow_forward
- The diploid number of an organism is 12. How many chromosomes would be expected from the following conditions? a. monosomic for 1 chromosome b. trisomic for 2 chromosomes c. tetrasomic for 1 chromosome d. nullosomic for 2 chromosomes e. monoploid f. triploidarrow_forwardIn animals, which of the following distinguishes meiosis from mitosis? a. Meiosis is a form of asexual division, whereas mitosis is a form of sexual division. b. In mitosis, single loops of DNA are copied, whereas meiosis involves multiple linear chromosomes. O c. Mitosis is used for the repair of cells, whereas meiosis creates cells for sexual reproduction. d. Mitosis occurs in prokaryotic cells, whereas meiosis occurs in eukaryotic cells.arrow_forwardIn comparing somatic cells and gametes, somatic cells are a. diploid with half the number of chromosomes. b. haploid with half the number of chromosomes. c. diploid with twice the number of chromosomes. d. haploid with twice the number of chromosomes.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis? A. Meiosis occurs in somatic cells, whereas mitosis is only used to produce germ cells. B. Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, whereas meiosis is only used to produce germ cells. C. Meiosis always occurs much more quickly than mitosis. D. Only meiosis includes a separation division step, which occurs during Meiosis I.arrow_forwardThe significance of meiosis are as follows: A. Mutation D. Formation of gametes B. Maintenance of chromosome number C. Genetic information E. Crossing over 21. Meiosis form gametes that are essential for sexual reproduction. 22. Meiosis switches on the genetic information for the development of gametes. 23. Meiosis maintains the fixed number of chromosomes in sexually reproducing organisms. 24. It introduces new combination of traits or variations. 25. take place due to irregularities of meiotic division.arrow_forwardWhich of the following can occur by the process of meiosis but not mitosis? A. Haploid cells fuse to form diploid cells B. Diploid cells form haploid cells C. A diploid cell combines with a haploid cell D. Haploid cells multiply into more haploid cellsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are true regarding homologous pairs of chromosomes? Select all that apply. A. They are the same size B. Their prescence indicates a cell is a diploid C. They are identical copies of one another D. One of the homologous chromosomes in a set is synthesized during S phase E. They line up next to each other during metaphase I of meiosis F. They are separated in anaphase I of meiosisarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements accurately describes a differencebetween mitosis and meiosis?a. Mitosis may produce diploid cells, whereas meiosis produceshaploid cells.b. Homologous chromosomes synapse during meiosis but do notsynapse during mitosis.c. Crossing over commonly occurs during meiosis, but it does notcommonly occur during mitosis.d. All of the above are correct.e. Both a and c are correctarrow_forwardA diploid fruit fly has eight chromosomes. How many total chromosomeswould be found in the following flies?A. TetraploidB. Trisomy 2C. Monosomy 3D. 3nE. 4n + 1arrow_forward
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