Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 22, Problem 4TYK
Prezygotic is isolating mechanisms:
a. reduce the fitness of hybrid offspring.
b. generally prevent individuals of different species from producing zygotes.
c. are found only in animals.
d. are found only in plants.
e. are observed only in organisms that reproduce aseually.
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Of the following, which is an example of a postzygotic barrier?
O Due to incompatible interactions between inherited genes, a hybrid fetus is unable to develop, and is aborted.
O One species mates in spring, while another mates in summer.
O A female spider of one species does not respond to the mating display of a male of a closely related species.
O Cell surface proteins of one species eggs prevent sperm from another species attaching, so the sperm cannot fertilize it.
1. Sea urchins are broadcast spawners that release clouds of sperm/eggs into the water column. However, the
ability to successfully fertilize the egg by the sperm is restricted to very specific gametic proteins that inhibit
cross species fertilization. This is an example of a
a. Post zygotic barrier b.Habitat isolation c.Mechanical isolation d.Pre zygotic barrier e.Hybrid breakdown
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 22.1 - How do the morphological, biological, and...Ch. 22.1 - What is clinical variation?Ch. 22.2 - What is the difference between prezygotic and...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 22.3 - Why might insects from different host races be...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 22.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 22 - The biological species concept defines species on...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 22 - A characteristic that exhibits smooth changes in...Ch. 22 - Prezygotic is isolating mechanisms: a. reduce the...Ch. 22 - In the model of allopatric speciation, the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 22 - If two species of holly (genus Ilex) flower during...Ch. 22 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 22 - An animal breeder, attempting to cross a llama...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 22 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking How do human...Ch. 22 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 22 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 22 - David Hills of Baylor University noted that three...
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- We learned from hermaphroditic snails in New Zealand and C. elegans that populations that are undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction in the same population can alter the frequency of outcrossing resulting in changes in genetic diversity. Identify the statement that accurately reflects a real result. a. Sexual reproduction prevents the ability of snails and worms to coevolve with their parasites. b. Sexual reproduction frequency increases in the presence of a stressor, like pathogens and parasites. c. Asexual reproduction is favored when there are pathogens and parasites in the environment. d. Asexual reproduction enables the Red Queen hypothesis to play out and enable the pathogen to win.arrow_forwardPrezygotic isolating mechanisms prevent hybrid offspring from occurring between species because (a) the resulting offspring are not fertile and cannot reproduce. (b) the egg and sperm fuse and form a zygote, but it does not survive. (c) the egg and sperm do not ever meet or, if they do, cannot fuse to form a zygote. (d) all of the abovearrow_forwardIdentify each of the following reproductive barriers as prezygotic or postzygotic. a. One lilac species lives on acidic soil, another on basic soil. b. Mallard and pintail ducks mate at different times of the year. c. Two species of leopard frogs have different mating calls. d. Hybrid offspring of two species of jimsonweed always die before reproducing. e. Pollen of one kind of pine tree cannot fertilize another kind.arrow_forward
- It is said that sexual reproduction is selectively advantageous to asexual reproduciton. Why is the case? A. Asexual reproduction produces much more genetic diveristy than sexual reproduction B. Asexual repoduction is only half as efficient as sexual repdocution in sending ones genes into the next generation C. Sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity and consequently slows the rate of evolution D. Sexual reproduction is much faster than asexual repoduction E. Sexaul reproduction produces variation among populations which can help increase fitness for certain individuals/increase selection for favorable traitarrow_forwardEusociality and haplo-diploidy, in ants and bees, are often (though not always) correlated because… Group of answer choices: A. having twice as many genes allows queens to be far more capable of controlling other individuals. B. being able to control the sex of offspring allows parents to regulate the amount of cooperation. C. a worker can have more of her genes passed on in a new sister than in an offspring of her own. D. males have fathers but females don’t. E. it allows high levels of inbreeding to evolve without negative effects.arrow_forwardWe considered the sympatric evolution of reproductive isolating mechanisms in host races of Rhagoletis pomonella, the apple maggot fly. The wasp Diachasma alloeum parasitizes apple maggot flies, laying its eggs on the larvae of the flies. Immature wasps hatch from the eggs and feed on the fly larvae. Research by Andrew Forbes and his colleagues (Forbes et al. 2009. Science 323:776–779) demonstrated that wasps that parasitize the apple race of R. pomonella are genetically differentiated from those that parasitize the hawthorn race. They also found that wasps that prey on the apple race of the flies are attracted to odors from apples, whereas wasps that prey on the hawthorn race are attracted to odors from hawthorn fruits. Propose an explanation for how genetic differences might have evolved between the wasps that parasitize the two host races of R. pomonella. How might these differences lead to speciation in the wasps?arrow_forward
- Define the following terms related to alterations of generations: a.Gametes b.Zygotearrow_forwardThere are two different phenotypes of a moth species, black and light grey, which are predated upon by birds. The more recently evolved black colour, is the dominant allele, B, while the recessive allele, b gives a light grey colour. Reduced pollution in the area has turned the trees (where the moths live) lighter. Which moth genotype(s) would be favoured by this change? Select one: O a. DD only O b. Dd only c. dd only O d. DD and Dd O e. DD and dd Of. Dd and ddarrow_forwardA responsible for anterior morphology in an organism is inherited as maternal effect has two allele: H (normal) and h (a recessive allele that cause small head). A female organism with normal head mates with a true-breeding male with small head. All the offspring have small heads. What should be the genotype of mother and offspring? gene. It a. Mother- Hh, and Offspring- hh b. Mother- hh and offspring Hh c. Mother-hh and offspring- hh d. Mother- hh and offspring- Hharrow_forward
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