Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323717271
Author: Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 21.3, Problem 1CC
The best estimate is that the human genome contains fewer than 21,000 genes. However, there is evidence that human cells produce many more than 21,000 differ- ent Polypeptides. What processes might account for this discrepancy?
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You are studying a large eukaryotic gene that is 439,515 base pairs long. You find the polypeptide that this gene produces in liver cells is 46,771 amino acids long. Your colleague studies the function of this gene in brain cells, and finds the polypeptide produced in the brain is much larger – 61,438 amino acids long. How do you explain this difference?
Possible Answers:
A. The cell cycle of liver cells is much longer than that of brain cells.
B. This is due to alternative splicing. in the brain
C. There was a different complement of sequence-specific transcription factor binding sites in the CRM of the brain cells.
D. There is no 5' cap added to the gene product from the liver cells.
A 2500 bp region of the human genome encodes two genes. One of the genes encodes a protein of 600 amino acids and the other gene encodes a protein of 280 amino acids. The mRNA sequences of the two genes do not contain any of the same nucleotide sequences (i.e. they do not overlap). How is this possible? Fully explain your answer.
The human genome contains thousands of sequences known as small open reading frames, some of which encode proteins of about 30 amino acids. What is the minimum number of nucleotides required to encode such a protein?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
Ch. 21.1 - Describe the whole-genome shotgun approach.Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 21.2 - Explain the advantage of the systems biology...Ch. 21.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The ENCODE pilot project found...Ch. 21.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In Concept 20.2, you learned...Ch. 21.3 - The best estimate is that the human genome...Ch. 21.3 - The Genomes Online Database (GOLD) Website of the...Ch. 21.3 - WHAT IF? What evolutionary processes might...Ch. 21.4 - Discuss the characteristics of mammalian genomes...Ch. 21.4 - VISUAL SKILLS Which of the three mechanisms...
Ch. 21.4 - Contrast the organizations of the rRNA gene family...Ch. 21.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Assign each DNA segment at the...Ch. 21.5 - Describe three examples of errors in cellular...Ch. 21.5 - Explain how multiple exons might have arisen in...Ch. 21.5 - What are three ways that transposable elements are...Ch. 21.5 - WHAT IF? In 2005, Icelandic scientists reported...Ch. 21 - How did the Human Genome Project result in more...Ch. 21 - What has been the most significant finding of the...Ch. 21 - Compare genome size, gene number, and gene density...Ch. 21 - Explain how the function of transposable elements...Ch. 21 - How could chromosomal rearrangements lead to the...Ch. 21 - What type of Information can be obtained by...Ch. 21 - Bioinformatics intludes all of the following...Ch. 21 - Homeotic genes (A) encode transcription factors...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 21 - DRAW IT Below are the amino acid sequences(using...Ch. 21 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Genes important in the...Ch. 21 - scientific inquiry The scientists mapping the SNPs...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 21 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Insects have three...
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