Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323717271
Author: Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 21.2, Problem 3CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS Ø The ENCODE pilot project found that at least 75% of the genome is transcribed into RNAs, far more than could be accounted for by proteiri-coding genes. Review Concepts 17.3 and 18.3 and suggest some roles that these RNAs might play.
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Label the structural features of the yeast phenylalanine tRNA.
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region that carries the amino acid
at its end
Extra arm
5' end
region that contains the bases
ribothymidine and pseudouridine
region that contains the
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region that contains the anticodon,
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Q1 There are similarities and differences during regulation of gene expression in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Promoters, transcription factors and RNA polymerase are essential elements in transcription but their properties and function may differ.
b) Hypothesize the transcription of eukaryotic genes using prokaryotic promoter with further explanation.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
Ch. 21.1 - Describe the whole-genome shotgun approach.Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 21.2 - Explain the advantage of the systems biology...Ch. 21.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The ENCODE pilot project found...Ch. 21.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In Concept 20.2, you learned...Ch. 21.3 - The best estimate is that the human genome...Ch. 21.3 - The Genomes Online Database (GOLD) Website of the...Ch. 21.3 - WHAT IF? What evolutionary processes might...Ch. 21.4 - Discuss the characteristics of mammalian genomes...Ch. 21.4 - VISUAL SKILLS Which of the three mechanisms...
Ch. 21.4 - Contrast the organizations of the rRNA gene family...Ch. 21.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Assign each DNA segment at the...Ch. 21.5 - Describe three examples of errors in cellular...Ch. 21.5 - Explain how multiple exons might have arisen in...Ch. 21.5 - What are three ways that transposable elements are...Ch. 21.5 - WHAT IF? In 2005, Icelandic scientists reported...Ch. 21 - How did the Human Genome Project result in more...Ch. 21 - What has been the most significant finding of the...Ch. 21 - Compare genome size, gene number, and gene density...Ch. 21 - Explain how the function of transposable elements...Ch. 21 - How could chromosomal rearrangements lead to the...Ch. 21 - What type of Information can be obtained by...Ch. 21 - Bioinformatics intludes all of the following...Ch. 21 - Homeotic genes (A) encode transcription factors...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 21 - DRAW IT Below are the amino acid sequences(using...Ch. 21 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Genes important in the...Ch. 21 - scientific inquiry The scientists mapping the SNPs...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 21 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Insects have three...
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- • Draw a figure of a gene model containing labeled 5' and 3' UTRs, exons, and introns. Label the promoter region, the transcription start site and the translation start and stop. • Use your figure to show how alternative splicing can generate two different mature mRNAs from your gene model that nevertheless share some coding sequence. Draw these alternative mRNAs and indicate where are the 5' and 3' UTRs in the mature mRNAs.arrow_forwardasap please A partially filled diagram of eukaryotic gene structure is shown below. Label the following additional elements in the empty boxes. One label must be used twice: a) 3'UTR, b) 5'UTR, c) exon, d) intron, e) promoterarrow_forwardPls help ASAParrow_forward
- In a few sentences: Describe in detail the 3 steps of transcription and the 3 steps of translation. • Describe what types of post-transcription modifications occur in eukaryotic cells. Describe how proteins may be processed after translation ● ● For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). BIUS Paragraph V Arial X² X₂¶¶< view....pdf PDF WOUL 19 Pam +₁ ABC V 10pt V ✓ ¶ "Qarrow_forwardMAKE CONNECTIONS Mutagens are chemical andphysical agents that induce mutations in DNA (seeConcept 17.5). How does reduced ozone concentrationin the atmosphere increase the likelihood of mutationsin various organisms?arrow_forwardWHAT IF? What would be the effect of treating cellswith an agent that removed the cap from mRNAs?arrow_forward
- © Macmillan Learning Predict the amino acid sequences of peptides formed by ribosomes in response to each mRNA sequence, assuming that the reading frame begins with the first three bases in each sequence. Construct the peptides using the one-letter codes of the amino acids. GQSLI GGUCAGUCGCUCCUGAUU: Incorrect Answer UUGGAUGCGCCAUAAUUUGCU: LDAP Correct Answer < Feedback O Macmillan Learning Sorry, that's incorrect. You have not correctly entered the Х peptide sequence corresponding to the first mRNA sequence. The codons within the first mRNA sequence are: GGU, CAG, UCG, CUC, CUG, and AUU. Find each codon within the amino acid codon table and identify its corresponding amino acid. HDRCA CAUGAUGCCUGUUGCUAC: Incorrect Answer MDE AUGGACGAA: Correct Answerarrow_forwardQ14: The figure below shows a ribosome in the process of translating an mRNA with the sequence: 5'..AUGCCGUAUGCUCUUUA...3' Elongation 3 5 3 3 LAUGEEGUAUGCU UACGGC CG AUGC EUT P sitez UAC A site A Met Pro Pro Met Anticodon Met Amino Incoming- tRNA terminus Pro © 2001 Sinauer Associates, Inc. The right side shows the ribosome with an empty A site aligned with the codon 5’UAU 3’. The next tRNA to occupy the A site on the ribosome will have what anti-codon sequence ( label 5' and 3’)? Keep in mind the wobble pairing rules and make sure your answer is consistent with the genetic code. Explain your answer. а. b. Suppose, just as the ribosome started translating the mRNA, the cell suddenly lost all of its alanine tRNAs. Using the figure above as a guide, draw and label the state the ribosome would arrest in.arrow_forwardplease help with thisarrow_forward
- plz explain with thorough explanationarrow_forward5’ATCGCGCTAGGCGCATGCTACCTAGGCTATCTGCCTAGCTATCGACTAATCTGATCGAGTCAG3’ 3’TAGCGCGATCCGCGTACGATGGATCCGATAGACGGATCGATAGCTGATTAGACTAGCTCAGTC5’ Write out the pre-mRNA for this geneWrite out the mRNA for this geneHow many amino acids does this protein have? Translate the protein Label your 5’ and 3’ UTR’sarrow_forwardMAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the CRISPR-Cas systemto the miRNA system discussed in Concept 18.3, includingtheir mechanisms and their functions.arrow_forward
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