(a) Interpretation: The optimum pH for enzyme 'A' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B. Concept Introduction: Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 10 6 to 10 12 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'A' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'A' is 6.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme A is maximum at pH 6. Hence the optimum pH of enzyme A is 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'B' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'B' is 10.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme B is maximum at pH 10.

Hence, the optimum pH of enzyme B is 10.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity when pH is 4 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'A' will have higher pH at 4.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 4

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards. So, before pH 2 enzyme A is inactive and before pH 6 enzyme B is inactive. Therefore, at pH 4 the activity of enzyme A is higher than that of enzyme B.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity at pH 9 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'B' will have the higher activity at pH 9.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 6

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 10and then activity of enzyme starts decreasing. And activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 6 and then starts decreasing.

At pH 9, activity of enzyme A is decreasing and that of enzyme B is increasing. Hence, at pH 9 activity of enzyme B is higher than that of enzyme A.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'A' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'A' is 6.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme A is maximum at pH 6. Hence the optimum pH of enzyme A is 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'B' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'B' is 10.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme B is maximum at pH 10.

Hence, the optimum pH of enzyme B is 10.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity when pH is 4 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'A' will have higher pH at 4.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 4

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards. So, before pH 2 enzyme A is inactive and before pH 6 enzyme B is inactive. Therefore, at pH 4 the activity of enzyme A is higher than that of enzyme B.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity at pH 9 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'B' will have the higher activity at pH 9.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 6

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 10and then activity of enzyme starts decreasing. And activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 6 and then starts decreasing.

At pH 9, activity of enzyme A is decreasing and that of enzyme B is increasing. Hence, at pH 9 activity of enzyme B is higher than that of enzyme A.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'A' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'A' is 6.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme A is maximum at pH 6. Hence the optimum pH of enzyme A is 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'B' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'B' is 10.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme B is maximum at pH 10.

Hence, the optimum pH of enzyme B is 10.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity when pH is 4 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'A' will have higher pH at 4.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 4

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards. So, before pH 2 enzyme A is inactive and before pH 6 enzyme B is inactive. Therefore, at pH 4 the activity of enzyme A is higher than that of enzyme B.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity at pH 9 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'B' will have the higher activity at pH 9.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 6

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 10and then activity of enzyme starts decreasing. And activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 6 and then starts decreasing.

At pH 9, activity of enzyme A is decreasing and that of enzyme B is increasing. Hence, at pH 9 activity of enzyme B is higher than that of enzyme A.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'A' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'A' is 6.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme A is maximum at pH 6. Hence the optimum pH of enzyme A is 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'B' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'B' is 10.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme B is maximum at pH 10.

Hence, the optimum pH of enzyme B is 10.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity when pH is 4 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'A' will have higher pH at 4.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 4

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards. So, before pH 2 enzyme A is inactive and before pH 6 enzyme B is inactive. Therefore, at pH 4 the activity of enzyme A is higher than that of enzyme B.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity at pH 9 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'B' will have the higher activity at pH 9.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 6

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 10and then activity of enzyme starts decreasing. And activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 6 and then starts decreasing.

At pH 9, activity of enzyme A is decreasing and that of enzyme B is increasing. Hence, at pH 9 activity of enzyme B is higher than that of enzyme A.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'A' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'A' is 6.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme A is maximum at pH 6. Hence the optimum pH of enzyme A is 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'B' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'B' is 10.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme B is maximum at pH 10.

Hence, the optimum pH of enzyme B is 10.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity when pH is 4 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'A' will have higher pH at 4.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 4

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards. So, before pH 2 enzyme A is inactive and before pH 6 enzyme B is inactive. Therefore, at pH 4 the activity of enzyme A is higher than that of enzyme B.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity at pH 9 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'B' will have the higher activity at pH 9.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 6

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 10and then activity of enzyme starts decreasing. And activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 6 and then starts decreasing.

At pH 9, activity of enzyme A is decreasing and that of enzyme B is increasing. Hence, at pH 9 activity of enzyme B is higher than that of enzyme A.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'A' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'A' is 6.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme A is maximum at pH 6. Hence the optimum pH of enzyme A is 6.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 77P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'A' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'A' is 6.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme A is maximum at pH 6. Hence the optimum pH of enzyme A is 6.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'B' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'B' is 10.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme B is maximum at pH 10.

Hence, the optimum pH of enzyme B is 10.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The optimum pH for enzyme 'B' needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Answer 15

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Optimum pH for enzyme 'B' is 10.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. By increasing temperature, rate of reaction also increases until its maximum activity occurs that is at 37°C , after that the activity of enzyme decreases rapidly. Enzymes denatured at high temperature. The enzyme's activity destroyed at 50−60°C . At optimum pH (7.4) the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum but for some enzymes like pepsin has optimum pH of 2.

Optimum pH is the pH at which the activity of an enzyme is maximum. So, from the given graph, the activity of enzyme B is maximum at pH 10.

Hence, the optimum pH of enzyme B is 10.

Answer 20

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity when pH is 4 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'A' will have higher pH at 4.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 4

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards. So, before pH 2 enzyme A is inactive and before pH 6 enzyme B is inactive. Therefore, at pH 4 the activity of enzyme A is higher than that of enzyme B.

Answer 21

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity when pH is 4 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Answer 22

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'A' will have higher pH at 4.

Answer 23

Expert Solution

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 4

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards. So, before pH 2 enzyme A is inactive and before pH 6 enzyme B is inactive. Therefore, at pH 4 the activity of enzyme A is higher than that of enzyme B.

Answer 27

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity at pH 9 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'B' will have the higher activity at pH 9.

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 6

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 10and then activity of enzyme starts decreasing. And activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 6 and then starts decreasing.

At pH 9, activity of enzyme A is decreasing and that of enzyme B is increasing. Hence, at pH 9 activity of enzyme B is higher than that of enzyme A.

Answer 28

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The enzyme having the higher activity at pH 9 needs to be determined, using the given pH versus enzyme activity graph for enzyme A and B.

Concept Introduction:

Enzymes are defined as a biological catalyst for various reactions in the living organisms. Enzymes are like all catalyst as it also increases the rate reaction but they themselves do not changed permanently during the process. Enzyme does not alter the position of equilibrium and the relative energy of both the reactant and the products. Reaction when catalyzed by an enzyme increases the rate of reaction by 106 to 1012 times faster than a similar uncatalyzed reaction. Enzymes are specific in nature.

Answer 29

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 77P

Enzyme 'B' will have the higher activity at pH 9.

Answer 30

Expert Solution

Answer 31

Expert Solution

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer 33

Explanation of Solution

The activity of enzyme is affected by both the temperature and pH. Optimum pH is the pH value at which the enzyme is most active. The rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction is maximum at optimum pH (7.4) is an optimum pH for most of the enzymes. Enzymes extremely at high or low pH values generally results in loss of activity.

The graph shown below clearly explains the activity of an enzyme with change in pH values:

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition, Chapter 21, Problem 77P , additional homework tip 6

From the given graph, it can be seen that the activity of enzyme B starts from pH 6 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 10and then activity of enzyme starts decreasing. And activity of enzyme A starts from pH 2 onwards and becomes maximum at pH 6 and then starts decreasing.

At pH 9, activity of enzyme A is decreasing and that of enzyme B is increasing. Hence, at pH 9 activity of enzyme B is higher than that of enzyme A.