Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 2TYK
The phenomenon in which chance events cause unpredictable changes in allele frequencies is called:
a. gene flow.
b. genetic drift.
c. inbreeding.
d. balanced polymorphism.
e. stabilizing selection.
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A gene exists in two alleles, and the heterozygote has the highest fitness. This situation is likely to result in
a. directional selection. c. disruptive selection.
b. stabilizing selection. d. balancing selection.
Which of the following statements is true about linkage disequilibrium?
a.
New alleles are born into a population in LE with the surrounding loci
b.
Genetic hitchhiking results from LD between surrounding loci and a locus under strong selection
c.
Loci in LE in two different populations with different allele frequencies will remain in LE when the two populations completely merge into a single population.
d.
The greater the selection on a locus, the smaller the haplotype block maintained around it
e.
D= 0.15 indicates that two loci are in greater LD than D= -0.23
Consider a gene with two alleles, C and M. The table below describes fitness for different genotypes in two populations.
Fitness
CC
CM
MM
Population 1
1.0
1.0
0.6
Population 2
0.9
0.9
1.0
Which of the following is true based on this table?
A.) C is recessive and M is dominant
B.) M is recessive and C is dominant
C.) Neither allele is dominant
D.) C is dominant in population 1 and M is dominant in population 2
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21.1 - If a population of skunks includes some...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.1 - What factors contribute to phenotypic variation in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 21.2 - Why is the Hardy-Weinberg principle considered a...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.3 - Which agents of microevolution tend to increase...Ch. 21.3 - Which mode of natural selection increases the...Ch. 21.3 - In what way is sexual selection like directional...Ch. 21.4 - How does the diploid condition protect harmful...
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.5 - How can a biologist test whether a trait is...Ch. 21.5 - Why are most organisms adapted to the environments...Ch. 21 - The reason spontaneous mutations do not have an...Ch. 21 - The phenomenon in which chance events cause...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 21 - Which of the following represents an example of...Ch. 21 - A population of mice is at HardyWeinberg...Ch. 21 - If the genotype frequencies in a population are...Ch. 21 - An Eastern European immigrant carrying the allele...Ch. 21 - If a storm kills many small sparrows in a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 21 - Discuss Concepts Many human diseases are caused by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 21 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Captive breeding...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 21 - Design an experiment to test the hypothesis that...Ch. 21 - Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University...
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- Which of the following are INCORRECT about inbreeding? select all that apply a.) It speeds evolutionary change b.)It causes evolution c.)Allele frequency changes d.)Genotype frequency does not change e.)Heterozygosity decreasesarrow_forwardWhich of the following assumptions is NOT part of Hardy-Weinberg principle? a. no geneflow b. no mutation c. Allelic frequencies are the same in males and females d. mating is nonrandomarrow_forwardPopulation genetics is the study of: a. how selective forces change the allele frequencies in a population over time b. the genetic basis of population-wide traits c. whether traits have a genetic basis d. the degree of inbreeding in a populationarrow_forward
- Within a particular population, darkly colored rats are more likely to survive than more lightly colored individuals. This situation is likely to result in a. directional selection. b. stabilizing selection. c. disruptive selection. d. balancing selection.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is/are assumptions made under the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle? A. Mutations are introduced into the gene pool at a regular frequency. B. New alleles may be introduced to the population by migration. C. Gametes combine at random. D. The fittest individuals in a population are most likely to reproduce. E. Allele frequencies change at random from one generation to the next.arrow_forwardA population occupies heterogeneous environments in which the fitness of some genotypes is higher in one environment and the fitness of other individuals is higher in another environment. This situation is likely to result in a. directional selection. b. stabilizing selection. c. disruptive selection. d. balancing selection.arrow_forward
- All of the following are causes for evolutionary concern in small populations, EXCEPT: a. Unmasking of deleterious alleles. b. Natural selection can be overwhelmed by drift, and thus cannot counterbalance the effects. c. Random fixation of deleterious alleles is more likely to occur in small populations. d. Homozygosity decreases more rapidly in smaller populations compared to larger populations.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not an assumption of the Hardy–Weinberg law?a. The allelic frequencies (p and q) are equal.b. The population is randomly mating.c. The population is large.d. Natural selection has no effect.arrow_forwardThere is a population of cats and 16% of the cats this population show a recessive trait. a. What is the frequency of the recessive allele? b. What is the frequency of the dominant genotype? c. What is the frequency of cats with the heterozygous genotype?arrow_forward
- You are examining population genetics of aquatic iguanas that live on the Galapagos islands. When you go to visit, you notice that the iguanas can easily swim to close neighboring islands but would have swim very long distances to reach further islands. Which of the following statements is a likely conclusion from your research? a. Populations are less similar the closer the islands are to each other. b. The further the islands likely have the greatest genetic diversity. c. Larger islands always have the lowest heterozygosity. d. Smaller populations on very small islands exhibit greater population differentiation.arrow_forwardStabilizing selection on a trait tends toa. make the trait more extreme.b. reduce variability in the trait.c. decrease the frequency of alleles associated with the trait.d. result in elaborate male ornaments.arrow_forwardSickle cell anemia is maintained in human populations because individuals with a single copy of the sickle cell allele have resistance to malaria but lack the health problems of individuals with two copies of the allele. Variation at the sickle cell locus is maintained by which of the following? Group of answer choices A. heterozygote advantage B. random change in allele frequency C. mutation selection balance D. frequency dependent selectionarrow_forward
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