Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 5TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The process of natural selection conserves the alleles of high fitness and those individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce. These alleles express the
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Which of the following statements about dominant traits is correct?
a.
The dominant trait is the one that is expressed.
b.
They are observed three-fourths as frequently as heterozygous traits.
c.
They are observed less frequently than recessive traits.
d.
They increase in frequency over evolutionary time.
e.
The dominant trait is typically masked by the recessive trait.
Stabilizing selection on a trait tends toa. make the trait more extreme.b. reduce variability in the trait.c. decrease the frequency of alleles associated with the trait.d. result in elaborate male ornaments.
Relative fitness
a. refers to the survival rate of one phenotype compared to that of another.
b. is the physical condition of an individual’s siblings and cousins.
c. refers to the reproductive success of a phenotype.
d. None of the choices is correct.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21.1 - If a population of skunks includes some...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.1 - What factors contribute to phenotypic variation in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 21.2 - Why is the Hardy-Weinberg principle considered a...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.3 - Which agents of microevolution tend to increase...Ch. 21.3 - Which mode of natural selection increases the...Ch. 21.3 - In what way is sexual selection like directional...Ch. 21.4 - How does the diploid condition protect harmful...
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.5 - How can a biologist test whether a trait is...Ch. 21.5 - Why are most organisms adapted to the environments...Ch. 21 - The reason spontaneous mutations do not have an...Ch. 21 - The phenomenon in which chance events cause...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 21 - Which of the following represents an example of...Ch. 21 - A population of mice is at HardyWeinberg...Ch. 21 - If the genotype frequencies in a population are...Ch. 21 - An Eastern European immigrant carrying the allele...Ch. 21 - If a storm kills many small sparrows in a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 21 - Discuss Concepts Many human diseases are caused by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 21 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Captive breeding...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 21 - Design an experiment to test the hypothesis that...Ch. 21 - Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University...
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- All of the following are considered a quantitative trait, EXCEPT? a. A trait that has a continuously varying phenotype in the population. b. A trait that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. c. A trait that has multiple genes that contribute to the phenotype. d. A trait that is influenced by one gene that follows complete dominance inheritance patterns.arrow_forwardA gene exists in two alleles, and the heterozygote has the highest fitness. This situation is likely to result in a. directional selection. c. disruptive selection. b. stabilizing selection. d. balancing selection.arrow_forwardYou are examining the gene in your snail population that confers resistance to a parasite. There are multiple alleles at this locus. Identify the characteristics that would result in the greatest increase in allele frequency (not necessarily the greatest allele frequency) in one single generation of the resistant allele. Answer Resistant allele acts… Initial resistant allele frequency… Selection strength is… a. dominantly high weak b. recessively low strong c. dominantly low strong d. recessively high weak a. Answer a. b. Answer b. c. Answer c. d. Answer d.arrow_forward
- If two or more different genotypes do not respond to environmentalvariation in the same way, this outcome is due toa. a genotype-environment association.b. a genotype-environment interaction.c. the additive effects of alleles.d. both a and b.arrow_forwardA type of bird on an island makes nests in both tree roots and in tree branches at various heights from the ground. A ground snake invades the island and eats eggs or chicks from nests in tree roots and low tree branches. Part A: What type of selection is operating on the height at which the bird places its nest? A. Stabilizing B. Balancing C. Directional D. Disruptive What's the rationale? What effect will this selection have on the trait phenotype (height of nest)? Answer based on chart linkedarrow_forwardWhich of the following does not describe a gene? A. A gene is the observable characteristics or traits B. All are correct C. Agene is a stretch of DNA that produces one or more genetic traits D. A gene is the basic unit of genetic information for a specific traitarrow_forward
- Genetic variations in natural populations develop due to: Select one: A. random mutations of the DNA. B. changes in diet. O C. environmental catastrophies. D. changes in the environment. E. individual activities.arrow_forwardIn natural populations, most genes area. polymorphic.b. monomorphic.c. recessive.d. both a and c.arrow_forwardGoswami disagrees with the Darwinian concept of canalized behavior. What are his main criticisms of the inheritance of acquired characteristics? (Select all that apply) Choose at least one answer. L a. The Darwinian evolutionary process is very fast and can manifest in a few generations. b. The availability of prolonged environmental stress to produce canalization over an entire species population is unlikely. c. There is no evidence that learned behavior is passed down to descendants.arrow_forward
- You are examining the gene in your snail population that confers resistance to a parasite. There are multiple alleles at this locus. Identify the characteristics that would result in the greatest increase resistant allele. allele frequency (not necessarily the greatest allele frequency) in one single generation of the Answer Resistant allele acts.. Initial resistant allele frequency... Selection strength is... dominantly high weak la. b. recessively low strong dominantly low strong С. d. recessively high weak O a. Answer a. O b. Answer b. O c. Answer C. O d. Answer d.arrow_forwardThere are two different phenotypes of a moth species, black and light grey, which are predated upon by birds. The more recently evolved black colour, is the dominant allele, B, while the recessive allele, b gives a light grey colour. Reduced pollution in the area has turned the trees (where the moths live) lighter. Which moth genotype(s) would be favoured by this change? Select one: O a. DD only O b. Dd only c. dd only O d. DD and Dd O e. DD and dd Of. Dd and ddarrow_forwardWhat assumptions underlie the use of adoption studies in genetics? a. Adoptees have no contact with their biological parents after birth.b. The adoptive parents and biological parents are not related.c. The environments of biological and adoptive parents are independent.d. All of the above.arrow_forward
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