Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133949640
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 19PS
Energy consumption in the United States amounts to the equivalent of the energy obtained by burning 7.0 gal of oil or 70. lb of coal per day per person. Using data in Table 20.4, carry out calculations to show that the energy evolved from these quantities of oil and coal is approximately equivalent. The density of fuel oil is approximately 0.8 g/mL.
(1.00 gal = 3.785 L and 1.00 lb = 454 g)
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 20 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Ch. 20.1 - Prob. 1RCCh. 20.1 - Prob. 2RCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 1RCCh. 20.2 - Prob. 2RCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 1RCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 2RCCh. 20.3 - Prob. 3RCCh. 20.4 - Prob. 1RCCh. 20.4 - Prob. 2RCCh. 20.4 - 3. Which of the following is a renewable energy...
Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 1RCCh. 20.5 - Prob. 2RCCh. 20.6 - Prob. 1QCh. 20.6 - Prob. 1RCCh. 20.7 - Prob. 1QCh. 20.7 - Prob. 2QCh. 20 - In the discussion on the composition of air,...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2PSCh. 20 - Prob. 3PSCh. 20 - Dinitrogen monoxide, N2O (commonly called nitrous...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5PSCh. 20 - Prob. 6PSCh. 20 - Prob. 9PSCh. 20 - Although there are a number of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 12PSCh. 20 - Prob. 13PSCh. 20 - Prob. 14PSCh. 20 - Prob. 15PSCh. 20 - Prob. 17PSCh. 20 - The enthalpy of combustion of isooctane (C8H18),...Ch. 20 - Energy consumption in the United States amounts to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20PSCh. 20 - Prob. 23PSCh. 20 - Prob. 25PSCh. 20 - Prob. 28PSCh. 20 - In methane hydrate the methane molecule is trapped...Ch. 20 - Prob. 30PSCh. 20 - Prob. 31PSCh. 20 - Prob. 32PSCh. 20 - Prob. 33PSCh. 20 - Prob. 34PSCh. 20 - Prob. 35GQCh. 20 - Prob. 36GQCh. 20 - Prob. 37GQCh. 20 - Prob. 38GQCh. 20 - Prob. 40GQCh. 20 - Prob. 41ILCh. 20 - Prob. 42ILCh. 20 - Define the terms renewable and nonrenewable as...Ch. 20 - Prob. 44SCQCh. 20 - Prob. 45SCQCh. 20 - Prob. 46SCQCh. 20 - Prob. 47SCQCh. 20 - What is the likelihood that hydrogen (H2) will...Ch. 20 - Prob. 49SCQCh. 20 - Which sulfur compounds are atmospheric pollutants?...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The equation for the fermentation of glucose to alcohol and carbon dioxide is: C6H12O6(aq) 2C2H5OH(aq) + 2CO2(g) The enthalpy change for the reaction is 67 kJ. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? Is energy, in the form of heat, absorbed or evolved as the reaction occurs?arrow_forward4.60 Why are fuel additives used?arrow_forwardA rebreathing gas mask contains potassium superoxide, KO2, which reacts with moisture in the breath to give oxygen. 4KO2(s)+2H2O(l)4KOH(s)+3O2(g) Estimate the grams of potassium superoxide required to supply a persons oxygen needs for one hour. Assume a person requires 1.00 102 kcal of energy for this time period. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 1.00 102 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of oxygen consumed and hence the amount of KO2 required. The ff0 for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forward
- The best solar panels currently available are about 15% efficient in converting sunlight to electricity. A typical home will use about 40. kWh of electricity per day (1 kWh = 1 kilowatt hour; 1kW = 1000 J/s). Assuming 8.0 hours of useful sunlight per day, calculate the minimum solar panel surface area necessary to provide all of a typical homes electricity. (See Exercise 124 for the energy rate supplied by the sun.)arrow_forwardxplain why aluminum cans make good storage containers for soft drinks. Styrofoam cups can be used to keep coffee hot and cola cold. How can this be?arrow_forwardWhat is incomplete combustion of fossil fuels? Why can this be a problem?arrow_forward
- A piece of chocolate cake contains about 400 calories. A nutritional calorie is equal to 1000 calories (thermochemical calories), which is equal to 4.184 kJ. How many 8-in-high steps must a 180-lb man climb to expend the 400 Cal from the piece of cake? See Exercise 28 for the formula for potential energy.arrow_forwardA 0.470-g sample of magnesium reacts with 200 g dilute HCl in a coffee-cup calorimeter to form MgCl2(aq) and H2(g). The temperature increases by 10.9 C as the magnesium reacts. Assume that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 200 g. (a) Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction. Is the process exothermic or endothermic? (b) Write the chemical equation and evaluate H.arrow_forward9.59 For the reaction N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g),H=180.5kJ . How much energy is needed to generate 35 moles of NO(g)?arrow_forward
- Thermal Interactions Part 1: In an insulated container, you mix 200. g of water at 80C with 100. g of water at 20C. After mixing, the temperature of the water is 60C. a How much did the temperature of the hot water change? How much did the temperature of the cold water change? Compare the magnitudes (positive values) of these changes. b During the mixing, how did the heat transfer occur: from hot water to cold, or from cold water to hot? c What quantity of heat was transferred from one sample to the other? d How does the quantity of heat transferred to or from the hot-water sample compare with the quantity of heat transferred to or from the cold-water sample? e Knowing these relative quantities of heat, why is the temperature change of the cold water greater than the magnitude of the temperature change of the hot water. f A sample of hot water is mixed with a sample of cold water that has twice its mass. Predict the temperature change of each of the samples. g You mix two samples of water, and one increases by 20C, while the other drops by 60C. Which of the samples has less mass? How do the masses of the two water samples compare? h A 7-g sample of hot water is mixed with a 3-g sample of cold water. How do the temperature changes of the two water samples compare? Part 2: A sample of water is heated from 10C to 50C. Can you calculate the amount of heat added to the water sample that caused this temperature change? If not, what information do you need to perform this calculation? Part 3: Two samples of water are heated from 20C to 60C. One of the samples requires twice as much heat to bring about this temperature change as the other. How do the masses of the two water samples compare? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardEnthalpy a A 100.-g sample of water is placed in an insulated container and allowed to come to room temperature at 21C. To heat the water sample to 41C, how much heat must you add to it? b Consider the hypothetical reaction,2X(aq)+Y(l)X2Y(aq)being run in an insulated container that contains 100. g of solution. If the temperature of the solution changes from 21C to 31C, how much heat does the chemical reaction produce? How does this answer compare with that in part a? (You can assume that this solution is so dilute that it has the same heat capacity as pure water.) c If you wanted the temperature of 100. g of this solution to increase from 21C to 51C, how much heat would you have to add to it? (Try to answer this question without using a formula.) d If you had added 0.02 mol of X and 0.01 mol of Y to form the solution in part b, how many moles of X and Y would you need to bring about the temperature change described in part c. e Judging on the basis of your answers so far, what is the enthalpy of the reaction 2X(aq) + Y(l) X2Y(aq)?arrow_forwardWhat mass of acetylene, C2H2(g), must be burned to produce 3420 kJ of heat, given that its enthalpy of combustion is 1301 kJ/mol? Compare this with the answer to Exercise 5.91 and determine which substance produces more heat per gram.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning
World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning
World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133109655
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580343
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Calorimetry Concept, Examples and Thermochemistry | How to Pass Chemistry; Author: Melissa Maribel;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nSh29lUGj00;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY