
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of significant figures that the answer must have for the conversion of
Concept Introduction:
A general-problem solving method in which the units under consideration is associated with numbers and are used as a guide in setting up calculations is known as Dimensional analysis. The units are treated the way the numbers are treated in this method. Three steps has to be followed for the Dimensional analysis and they are,
- The known or given quantity has to be identified that includes both numerical and units. The unit of the new quantity that has to be determined.
- Multiply the known or given quantity by one or more required conversion factors so that the unwanted units are cancelled leaving the desired units only.
- The mathematical operation has to be performed as indicated by the conversion factor setup.
If an exact number is present in the conversion of one unit into another, then the answer obtained will have the same number of significant figures as the measurement. If an inexact number is present in the conversion means, then the answer obtained will have same number of significant figures as in measurements or least number of significant figures as in conversion factor.
(b)
Interpretation:
The number of significant figures that the answer must have for the conversion of
Concept Introduction:
A general-problem solving method in which the units under consideration is associated with numbers and are used as a guide in setting up calculations is known as Dimensional analysis. The units are treated the way the numbers are treated in this method. Three steps has to be followed for the Dimensional analysis and they are,
- The known or given quantity has to be identified that includes both numerical and units. The unit of the new quantity that has to be determined.
- Multiply the known or given quantity by one or more required conversion factors so that the unwanted units are cancelled leaving the desired units only.
- The mathematical operation has to be performed as indicated by the conversion factor setup.
If an exact number is present in the conversion of one unit into another, then the answer obtained will have the same number of significant figures as the measurement. If an inexact number is present in the conversion means, then the answer obtained will have same number of significant figures as in measurements or least number of significant figures as in conversion factor.
(c)
Interpretation:
The number of significant figures that the answer must have for the conversion of
Concept Introduction:
A general-problem solving method in which the units under consideration is associated with numbers and are used as a guide in setting up calculations is known as Dimensional analysis. The units are treated the way the numbers are treated in this method. Three steps has to be followed for the Dimensional analysis and they are,
- The known or given quantity has to be identified that includes both numerical and units. The unit of the new quantity that has to be determined.
- Multiply the known or given quantity by one or more required conversion factors so that the unwanted units are cancelled leaving the desired units only.
- The mathematical operation has to be performed as indicated by the conversion factor setup.
If an exact number is present in the conversion of one unit into another, then the answer obtained will have the same number of significant figures as the measurement. If an inexact number is present in the conversion means, then the answer obtained will have same number of significant figures as in measurements or least number of significant figures as in conversion factor.
(d)
Interpretation:
The number of significant figures that the answer must have for the conversion of
Concept Introduction:
A general-problem solving method in which the units under consideration is associated with numbers and are used as a guide in setting up calculations is known as Dimensional analysis. The units are treated the way the numbers are treated in this method. Three steps has to be followed for the Dimensional analysis and they are,
- The known or given quantity has to be identified that includes both numerical and units. The unit of the new quantity that has to be determined.
- Multiply the known or given quantity by one or more required conversion factors so that the unwanted units are cancelled leaving the desired units only.
- The mathematical operation has to be performed as indicated by the conversion factor setup.
If an exact number is present in the conversion of one unit into another, then the answer obtained will have the same number of significant figures as the measurement. If an inexact number is present in the conversion means, then the answer obtained will have same number of significant figures as in measurements or least number of significant figures as in conversion factor.

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Chapter 2 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- Design a synthesis of 1,2-diethoxyethane from an alkene. Select the single best answer for each part. Part: 0/3 Part 1 of 3 Which of the following could 1,2-diethoxyethane be directly synthesized from? O HO 0 HO.... OH HO HO × 5 > ?arrow_forwardDraw the skeletal structure of the major organic product of each step of the reaction sequence. Part: 0/2 Part 1 of 2 Part: 1/2 Part 2 of 2 Continue OH NaH Na Na Br + Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X : X G : Garrow_forwardpleasearrow_forward
- please help me please pleasearrow_forwardUsing reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) = 2NH3 (g) AG⁰ = -34. KJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 8.06 atm of nitrogen (N2) and 2.58 atm of ammonia (NH3) at 106. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: ? rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of N2 tend to rise or fall? ☐ x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding H₂? In other words, if you said the pressure of N2 will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding H₂? Similarly, if you said the pressure of N2 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding H₂? If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of H₂ needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. yes no ☐ atm ☑ 5 00. 18 Ararrow_forwardi need help with the followingarrow_forward
- Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NO(g) +Cl₂ (g) = 2NOC1 (g) AGº = -41. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 8.90 atm of chlorine (C12) and 5.71 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOC1) at 1075. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall? x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO? In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding NO? yes no If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. atm ☑ 18 Ararrow_forwardIdentifying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at equilibrium. You can leave out water itself. Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row. You will find it useful to keep in mind that HCN is a weak acid. acids: 0.29 mol of NaOH is added to 1.0 L of a 1.2M HCN solution. bases: ☑ other: 0.09 mol of HCl is added to acids: 1.0 L of a solution that is bases: 0.3M in both HCN and KCN. other: 0,0,... ? 00. 18 Ar 日arrow_forwardIdentifying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at equilibrium. You can leave out water itself. Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row. You will find it useful to keep in mind that HF is a weak acid. acids: 0.2 mol of KOH is added to 1.0 L of a 0.5 M HF solution. bases: Х other: ☐ acids: 0.10 mol of HI is added to 1.0 L of a solution that is 1.4M in both HF and NaF. bases: other: ☐ 0,0,... ด ? 18 Ararrow_forward
- Identifying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at equilibrium. You can leave out water itself. Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row. You will find it useful to keep in mind that NH3 is a weak base. acids: ☐ 1.8 mol of HCl is added to 1.0 L of a 1.0M NH3 bases: ☐ solution. other: ☐ 0.18 mol of HNO3 is added to 1.0 L of a solution that is 1.4M in both NH3 and NH₁Br. acids: bases: ☐ other: ☐ 0,0,... ? 000 18 Ar B 1arrow_forwardUsing reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: 2NH3 (g) = N2 (g) +3H₂ —N2 (g) AGº = 34. kJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.19 atm of ammonia (NH3) and 9.94 atm of nitrogen (N2) at 378. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of NH 3 tend to rise or fall? ☐ x10 fall Х Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding H₂? In other words, if you said the pressure of NH 3 will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding H₂? Similarly, if you said the pressure of NH3 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding H₂? If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of H₂ needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. yes no atm 00. 18 Ar 무ㅎ ?arrow_forwardIdentifying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at equilibrium. You can leave out water itself. Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row. You will find it useful to keep in mind that HF is a weak acid. 2.2 mol of NaOH is added to 1.0 L of a 1.4M HF solution. acids: П bases: Х other: ☐ ப acids: 0.51 mol of KOH is added to 1.0 L of a solution that is bases: 1.3M in both HF and NaF. other: ☐ 00. 18 Ararrow_forward
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