Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The given reaction is to be classified as
Concept introduction:
To classify a change as oxidation and reduction, we should know what is oxidation and reduction.
Oxidation involves:
- Loss of electrons.
- Addition of oxygen
- Removal of hydrogen
- Addition of electronegative element
- Removal of electropositive element
- Increase in oxidation number of the element
Reduction involves:
- Gain of electrons.
- Addition of hydrogen
- Removal of oxygen
- Addition of electropositive element
- Removal of electronegative element
- Decrease in oxidation number of the element

Answer to Problem 66A
The given change is oxidation.
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is:
The reaction involves loss of electron. So it is oxidation.
(b)
Interpretation:
The given reaction is to be classified as oxidation or reduction reaction.
Concept introduction:
To classify a change as oxidation and reduction, we should know what is oxidation and reduction.
Oxidation involves:
- Loss of electrons.
- Addition of oxygen
- Removal of hydrogen
- Addition of electronegative element
- Removal of electropositive element
- Increase in oxidation number of the element
Reduction involves:
- Gain of electrons.
- Addition of hydrogen
- Removal of oxygen
- Addition of electropositive element
- Removal of electronegative element
- Decrease in oxidation number of the element

Answer to Problem 66A
The given change is reduction.
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is:
The reaction involves gain of electron. So it is reduction.
(c)
Interpretation:
The given reaction is to be classified as oxidation or reduction reaction.
Concept introduction:
To classify a change as oxidation and reduction, we should know what is oxidation and reduction.
Oxidation involves:
- Loss of electrons.
- Addition of oxygen
- Removal of hydrogen
- Addition of electronegative element
- Removal of electropositive element
- Increase in oxidation number of the element
Reduction involves:
- Gain of electrons.
- Addition of hydrogen
- Removal of oxygen
- Addition of electropositive element
- Removal of electronegative element
- Decrease in oxidation number of the element

Answer to Problem 66A
The given change is reduction.
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is:
The reaction involves gain of electron. So it is reduction.
(d)
Interpretation:
The given reaction is to be classified as oxidation or reduction reaction.
Concept introduction:
To classify a change as oxidation and reduction, we should know what is oxidation and reduction.
Oxidation involves:
- Loss of electrons.
- Addition of oxygen
- Removal of hydrogen
- Addition of electronegative element
- Removal of electropositive element
- Increase in oxidation number of the element
Reduction involves:
- Gain of electrons.
- Addition of hydrogen
- Removal of oxygen
- Addition of electropositive element
- Removal of electronegative element
- Decrease in oxidation number of the element

Answer to Problem 66A
The given change is reduction.
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is:
The reaction involves gain of electron. So it is reduction.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Chemistry: Matter and Change
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