1 Chemical Tools Experimentation And Measurement 2 Atoms, Molecules, And Ions 3 Mass Relationships In Chemical Reactions 4 Reactions In Aqueous Solution 5 Periodicity And The Electronic Structure Of Atoms 6 Ionic Compounds Periodic Trends And Bonding Theory 7 Covalent Bonding And Electron-dot Structures 8 Covalent Compounds Bonding Theories And Molecular Structure 9 Thermochemistry Chemical Energy 10 Gases Their Properties And Behavior 11 Liquids And Phase Changes 12 Solids And Solid-state Materials 13 Solutions And Their Properties 14 Chemical Kinetics 15 Chemical Equilibrium 16 Aqueous Equilibria: Acids And Bases 17 Applications Of Aqueous Equilibria 18 Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, And Spontaneity 19 Electrochemistry 20 Nuclear Chemistry 21 Transition Elements And Coordination Chemistry 22 The Main-group Elements 23 Organic And Biological Chemistry expand_more
Chapter Questions expand_more
Problem 19.1P: Balance the following net ionic equation by the half-reaction method. The reaction takes place in... Problem 19.2A: Balance the following net ionic equation by the half-reaction method. The reaction takes place in... Problem 19.3P Problem 19.4A: Balance the following net ionic equation by the half-reaction method. The reaction takes place in... Problem 19.5P Problem 19.6A Problem 19.7P: PRACTICE 18.7 Write a balanced equation for the overall cell reaction, and give a brief description... Problem 19.8A: Consider the following galvanic cell with containers arranged on the lab bench as shown. Use the... Problem 19.9P: The standard cell potential at 25oC is 1.20 V for the reaction: 2Ag+(aq)+Cd(s)2Ag(s)+Cd2+(aq) What... Problem 19.10A: The standard free-energy change is 59.8kJ for the reaction: Hg(l)+I2(s)Hg2(aq)+2I(aq) Is the... Problem 19.11P: Which substance is the strongest reducting agent: Cl2(g),Al(s),Cu(s), or Zn2+(aq)? Problem 19.12A: Consider the following table of standard reduction potentials: (a) Which substance is the strongest... Problem 19.13P: Use Table 19.1 to calculate the value of Eo for the reaction and determine if the reaction occurs... Problem 19.14A Problem 19.15P Problem 19.16A Problem 19.17P: Consider a galvanic cell that uses the reaction Cu(s)+2Fe3+(aq)Cu2+(aq)+2Fe2+(aq) What is the... Problem 19.18A: Accidentally chewing on a stray fragment of aluminum foil can cause a sharp tooth pain if the... Problem 19.19P: Consider the following galvanic cell: What is the change in the cell voltage when the ion... Problem 19.20A Problem 19.21P: What is the pH of the solution in the anode compartment of the following cell if the measured cell... Problem 19.22A Problem 19.23P: Use the data in Table 19.1 to calculate the equilibrium constant at 25 oC for the reaction... Problem 19.24A Problem 19.25P Problem 19.26A Problem 19.27P: In what ways are fuel cells and batteries similar, and in what ways are they different? Problem 19.28P Problem 19.29P: The cell reaction in a hydrogen—oxygen fuel cell in space vehicles (Figure 19.19) is... Problem 19.30P Problem 19.31P Problem 19.32P: A steam—hydrocarbon reforming process is one method for producing hydrogen from fossil fuels for use... Problem 19.33P: Another method of hydrogen production is the electrolysis of water (Section 19.12). If the... Problem 19.34CP: The following picture of a galvanic cell has lead and zinc electrodes: (a) Label the electrodes, and... Problem 19.35CP Problem 19.36CP Problem 19.37CP Problem 19.38CP: Sketch a cell with inert electrodes suitable for electrolysis of aqueous CuBr2. (a) Label the anode... Problem 19.39CP Problem 19.40CP Problem 19.41CP: Consider the following galvanic cell with 0.10 M concentrations: Does the cell voltage increase,... Problem 19.42SP: Classify each of the following unbalanced half-reactions as either an oxidation or a reduction.... Problem 19.43SP: Classify each of the following unbalanced half-reactions as either an oxidation or a reduction.... Problem 19.44SP Problem 19.45SP Problem 19.46SP: Write unbalanced oxidation and reduction half-reactions for the following processes.... Problem 19.47SP Problem 19.48SP: Balance the following half-reactions. (acidic) Cr2O72(aq)Cr3+(aq) (basic) CrO42(aq)Cr(OH)4(aq)... Problem 19.49SP Problem 19.50SP: Write balanced net ionic equations for the following reactions in acidic solution.... Problem 19.51SP: Write balanced net ionic equations for the following reactions in acidic solution.... Problem 19.52SP: Write balanced net ionic equations for the following reactions in basic solution.... Problem 19.53SP Problem 19.54SP: Why is the cathode of a galvanic cell considered to be the positive electrode? Problem 19.55SP: What is the function of a salt bridge in a galvanic cell? Problem 19.56SP: Describe galvanic cells that use the following reactions. In each case, write the anode and cathode... Problem 19.57SP Problem 19.58SP: Write a balanced equation for the overall cell reaction in the following galvanic cell, and tell why... Problem 19.59SP: Write the shorthand notation for a galvanic cell that uses the following cell reaction. Include... Problem 19.60SP: Write the standard shorthand notation for a galvanic cell that uses the following cell reaction.... Problem 19.61SP: Write the standard shorthand notation for a galvanic cell that uses the following cell reaction.... Problem 19.62SP: An H2/H+ half-cell (anode) and an Ag+/Ag half-cell (catho de) are connected by a wire and a salt... Problem 19.63SP: A galvanic cell is constructed from a Zn/Zn2+ half-cell (anode) and a Cl2/Cl- half-cell (cathode).... Problem 19.64SP: Write balanced equations for the electrode and overall cell reactions in the following galvanic... Problem 19.65SP Problem 19.66SP: What conditions must be met for a cell potential E to qualify as a standard cell potential Eo? Problem 19.67SP: How are standard reduction potentials defined? Problem 19.68SP: The silver oxide-zinc battery used in watches delivers a voltage of 1.60 V. Calculate the... Problem 19.69SP: The standard cell potential for a lead storage battery is 1.924 V. Calculate Go (in kilojoules) for... Problem 19.70SP: What is the value of x for the following reaction if Eo=1.43V and Go=414kJ? A+Bx+Ax++B Problem 19.71SP Problem 19.72SP: Use the standard free energies of formation in Appendix B to calculate the standard cell potential... Problem 19.73SP Problem 19.74SP: Arrange the following oxidizing agents in order of increasing strength under standard-state... Problem 19.75SP Problem 19.76SP: Consider the following substances: I2(s),Fe2+(aq),Cr2O72(aq). Which is the strongest oxidizing... Problem 19.77SP Problem 19.78SP: Consider the following substances: Fe(s),PbO2(s),H+(aq),Al(s),Ag(s),Cr2O72(aq). (a) Look at the E°... Problem 19.79SP Problem 19.80SP: Use the data in Appendix D to predict whether the following reactions can occur under standard-state... Problem 19.81SP Problem 19.82SP Problem 19.83SP: What reaction can occur, if any, when the following experim ents are carried out under... Problem 19.84SP: The standard potential for the following galvanic cell is 0.40 V:... Problem 19.85SP: The following reaction has an Eo value of 0.27 V: Cu2+(aq)+2Ag(s)+2Br(aq)Cu(s)+2AgBr(s) Use the data... Problem 19.86SP Problem 19.87SP Problem 19.88SP Problem 19.89SP: Calculate Eo and Go (in kilojoules) for the reaction below. (See Appendix D for standard reduction... Problem 19.90SP: Calculate Eo for each of the following reactions, and tell which are sontaneous under standard-state... Problem 19.91SP: Calculate Eo for each of the following reactions, and tell which are spontaneous under... Problem 19.92SP: Consider a galvanic cell that uses the following half-reactions:... Problem 19.93SP: Given the following half-reactions and Eo values, Mn3+(aq)+eMn2+(aq)Eo=1.54V... Problem 19.94SP: Consider a galvanic cell that uses the reaction 2Ag+(aq)+Ni(s)2Ag(s)+Ni2+(aq) Calculate the... Problem 19.95SP: Consider a galvanic cell based on the reaction 2Fe2+(aq)+Cl2(g)2Fe3+(aq)+2Cl(aq) Calculate the cell... Problem 19.96SP Problem 19.97SP Problem 19.98SP: What is the Zn2+:Cu2+ concentration ratio in the following cell at 25 oC if the measured cell... Problem 19.99SP: What is the Fe2+:Sn2+ concentration ratio in the following cell at 25 oC if the measured cell... Problem 19.100SP: The Nernst equation applies to both cell reactions and half reactions. For the conditions specified,... Problem 19.101SP: When suspected drunk drivers are tested with a Breathalyzer the alchol (ethanol) in the exhaled... Problem 19.102SP: What is the reduction potential at 25o C for the hydrogen electrode in each of the following... Problem 19.103SP: At one time on Earth, iron was present mostly as iron(II). Later, once plants had produced a... Problem 19.104SP: Standard reduction potentials for the Pb2+/Pb and Cd2+/Cd half-reactions are 0.13Vand0.40V,... Problem 19.105SP Problem 19.106SP Problem 19.107SP Problem 19.108SP Problem 19.109SP Problem 19.110SP: Use the data in Table 19.1 to calculate the equilibrium constant at 25 oC for the reaction... Problem 19.111SP: From standard reduction potentials, calculate the equilibrium constant at 25 oC for the reaction... Problem 19.112SP: Calculate the equilibrium constant at 25 oC for the reaction Cd(s)+Sn2+(aq)Cd2+(aq)+Sn(s). Problem 19.113SP: Calculate the equilibrium constant at 25 oC for the reaction Cl2(g)+Sn2+(aq)Sn4+(aq)+2Cl(aq). Problem 19.114SP Problem 19.115SP Problem 19.116SP Problem 19.117SP Problem 19.118SP: Write a balanced equation for the overall cell reaction svhen a lead storage battery is being... Problem 19.119SP Problem 19.120SP: You are on your dream vacation at the beach when a major storm knocks out the power for days. Your... Problem 19.121SP: A storm has knocked out power to your beach house, and you would like to build a battery from... Problem 19.122SP: For a lead storage battery: (a) Sketch one cell that shows the anode, cathode, electrolyte,... Problem 19.123SP: A mercury battery uses the following electrode half-reactions:... Problem 19.124SP Problem 19.125SP Problem 19.126SP Problem 19.127SP Problem 19.128SP Problem 19.129SP Problem 19.130SP Problem 19.131SP: If the metal zinc were not available for the galvanization process, which metal would be a... Problem 19.132SP Problem 19.133SP Problem 19.134SP Problem 19.135SP Problem 19.136SP Problem 19.137SP: Predict the anode, cathode, and overall cell reactions when an aqueous solution of each of the... Problem 19.138SP Problem 19.139SP Problem 19.140SP Problem 19.141SP Problem 19.142SP Problem 19.143SP: What is the metal ion in a metal nitrate solution M(NO3)3(aq) if 90.52 g of metal was recovered from... Problem 19.144SP Problem 19.145SP Problem 19.146SP Problem 19.147SP Problem 19.148MP: Consider the following half-reactions and Eo values: SW Ag+(aq)+eAg(s)Eo=0.80V... Problem 19.149MP: Consider a galvanic cell that uses the following half-reactions: 2H+(aq)+2eH2(g)Al3+(aq)+3eAl(s) a)... Problem 19.150MP Problem 19.151MP Problem 19.152MP Problem 19.153MP Problem 19.154MP Problem 19.155MP: The reaction of MnO4- with oxalic acid (H2C2O4) in acidic solution, yielding Mn2+ and CO2 gas, is... Problem 19.156MP: Calculate the standard reduction potential for Ba2+(aq)+2eBa(s) given that Ga=16.7kJ for the... Problem 19.157MP Problem 19.158MP Problem 19.159MP: Consider a galvanic cell that utilizes the following half reactions: Anode:... Problem 19.160MP Problem 19.161MP Problem 19.162MP Problem 19.163MP Problem 19.164MP: Consider the redox titration of 100.0 mL of a solution of 0.010MFe2+ in 1.50 M H2SO4 with a 0.010 M... format_list_bulleted