When suspected drunk drivers are tested with a Breathalyzer the alchol (ethanol) in the exhaled breath is oxidized to acetic acid with an acidic solution of potassium dichromate: 3 C H 3 C H 2 O H ( a q ) + 2 C r O 7 2 − ( a q ) + 16 H + ( a q ) → 3 C H 3 C O 2 H ( a q ) + 4 C r 3 + ( a q ) + 11 H 2 O ( l ) The color of the solution changes because same of the orange C r 2 O 7 2 − is converted to the green C r 3 + The Breathalyzer measures the color change and produces a meter reading calibrated in blood alcohol content. (a) What is P for the reaction if the standard half-cell potential for the reduction of acetic acid to ethanol is 0.05 8 V? (b) What is the value of E for the reaction when the concentrations of ethanol, acetic acid, C r 2 O 7 2 − , and C r 3 + are 1.0 M and the pH is 4.00?
When suspected drunk drivers are tested with a Breathalyzer the alchol (ethanol) in the exhaled breath is oxidized to acetic acid with an acidic solution of potassium dichromate: 3 C H 3 C H 2 O H ( a q ) + 2 C r O 7 2 − ( a q ) + 16 H + ( a q ) → 3 C H 3 C O 2 H ( a q ) + 4 C r 3 + ( a q ) + 11 H 2 O ( l ) The color of the solution changes because same of the orange C r 2 O 7 2 − is converted to the green C r 3 + The Breathalyzer measures the color change and produces a meter reading calibrated in blood alcohol content. (a) What is P for the reaction if the standard half-cell potential for the reduction of acetic acid to ethanol is 0.05 8 V? (b) What is the value of E for the reaction when the concentrations of ethanol, acetic acid, C r 2 O 7 2 − , and C r 3 + are 1.0 M and the pH is 4.00?
Solution Summary: The author explains that the standard half-cell potential for the reduction of acetic acid to ethanol is 0.058V. The EMF of the electrochemical cell can be calculated with the help of electrode reduction potential values.
When suspected drunk drivers are tested with a Breathalyzer the alchol (ethanol) in the exhaled breath is oxidized to acetic acid with an acidic solution of potassium dichromate:
3
C
H
3
C
H
2
O
H
(
a
q
)
+
2
C
r
O
7
2
−
(
a
q
)
+
16
H
+
(
a
q
)
→
3
C
H
3
C
O
2
H
(
a
q
)
+
4
C
r
3
+
(
a
q
)
+
11
H
2
O
(
l
)
The color of the solution changes because same of the orange
C
r
2
O
7
2
−
is converted to the green
C
r
3
+
The Breathalyzer measures the color change and produces a meter reading calibrated in blood alcohol content. (a) What is P for the reaction if the standard half-cell potential for the reduction of acetic acid to ethanol is 0.05 8 V? (b) What is the value of E for the reaction when the concentrations of ethanol, acetic acid,
C
r
2
O
7
2
−
, and
C
r
3
+
are 1.0 M and the pH is 4.00?
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