Consider a galvanic cell that utilizes the following half reactions: Anode: Z n ( s ) + H 2 O ( l ) → Z n O ( s ) + 2 H + ( a q ) + 2 e − Cathodae: A g + ( a q ) + e − → A g ( s ) (a) Write a balanced equation for the cell reaction, and use the thermodynamic data in Appendix B to calculate the values of Δ H o , Δ S o , and Δ G o for the reaction. (b) What are the values of P and the equilibrium constant K for the cell reaction at 25 °C? (c) What happens to the cell voltage if aqueous ammonia is added to the cathode compartment? Calculate the cell voltage assuming that the solution in the cathode cornpartment was prepared by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.100 s1 AgNO 3 and 50.0 mL of 4.00 M NH 3 . (d) Will AgCI precipitate if 10.0 ml. of 0.200 M NaCI is added to the solution in part (c)? Will AgBr precipitate if 10.0 ml. of 0.200 M KBr is added to the resulting solution?
Consider a galvanic cell that utilizes the following half reactions: Anode: Z n ( s ) + H 2 O ( l ) → Z n O ( s ) + 2 H + ( a q ) + 2 e − Cathodae: A g + ( a q ) + e − → A g ( s ) (a) Write a balanced equation for the cell reaction, and use the thermodynamic data in Appendix B to calculate the values of Δ H o , Δ S o , and Δ G o for the reaction. (b) What are the values of P and the equilibrium constant K for the cell reaction at 25 °C? (c) What happens to the cell voltage if aqueous ammonia is added to the cathode compartment? Calculate the cell voltage assuming that the solution in the cathode cornpartment was prepared by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.100 s1 AgNO 3 and 50.0 mL of 4.00 M NH 3 . (d) Will AgCI precipitate if 10.0 ml. of 0.200 M NaCI is added to the solution in part (c)? Will AgBr precipitate if 10.0 ml. of 0.200 M KBr is added to the resulting solution?
Consider a galvanic cell that utilizes the following half reactions: Anode:
Z
n
(
s
)
+
H
2
O
(
l
)
→
Z
n
O
(
s
)
+
2
H
+
(
a
q
)
+
2
e
−
Cathodae:
A
g
+
(
a
q
)
+
e
−
→
A
g
(
s
)
(a) Write a balanced equation for the cell reaction, and use the thermodynamic data in Appendix B to calculate the values of
Δ
H
o
,
Δ
S
o
,
and
Δ
G
o
for the reaction. (b) What are the values of P and the equilibrium constant K for the cell reaction at 25 °C? (c) What happens to the cell voltage if aqueous ammonia is added to the cathode compartment? Calculate the cell voltage assuming that the solution in the cathode cornpartment was prepared by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.100 s1 AgNO3 and 50.0 mL of 4.00 M NH3. (d) Will AgCI precipitate if 10.0 ml. of 0.200 M NaCI is added to the solution in part (c)? Will AgBr precipitate if 10.0 ml. of 0.200 M KBr is added to the resulting solution?
Science that deals with the amount of energy transferred from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state.
For a certain gas-phase reaction at constant pressure, the equilibrium constant Kp is observed to double
when the temperature increases from 300 K to 400 K.
Calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction, Ah, using this information.
Hydrogen bonding in water plays a key role in its physical properties. Assume that the energy required to
break a hydrogen bond is approximately 8 kJ/mol. Consider a simplified two-state model where a "formed"
hydrogen bond is in the ground state and a "broken" bond is in the excited state.
Using this model:
•
Calculate the fraction of broken hydrogen bonds at T = 300 K, and also at T = 273 K and T = 373 K.
•
At what temperature would approximately 50% of the hydrogen bonds be broken?
•
What does your result imply about the accuracy or limitations of the two-state model in describing
hydrogen bonding in water?
Finally, applying your understanding:
•
Would you expect it to be easier or harder to vaporize water at higher temperatures? Why?
If you were to hang wet laundry outside, would it dry more quickly on a warm summer day or on a
cold winter day, assuming humidity is constant?
(3 pts) Use the Kapustinskii equation to calculate the lattice enthalpy for MgBr2 anddiscuss any differences between this result and that from #4.
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