Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: Triacylglycerols has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, an emulsification lipid or a messenger lipid.
Concept introduction: On the basis of biochemical functions, lipids are divided into five categories:
- 1. Energy storage lipids: Triacylglycerols.
- 2. Membrane lipids: Phospholipids, sphingoglycolipid and cholesterol.
- 3. Emulsification lipids: Bile acids.
- 4. Messenger lipids: Steroid hormones and eicosanoids.
- 5. Protective coating lipids: Biological waxes.
(b)
Interpretation: Glycerophospholipids has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, an emulsification lipid or a messenger lipid.
Concept introduction: On the basis of biochemical functions, lipids are divided into five categories:
- 1. Energy storage lipids: Triacylglycerols.
- 2. Membrane lipids: Phospholipids, sphingoglycolipid and cholesterol.
- 3. Emulsification lipids: Bile acids.
- 4. Messenger lipids: Steroid hormones and eicosanoids.
- 5. Protective coating lipids: Biological waxes.
(c)
Interpretation: Prostaglandins has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, an emulsification lipid or a messenger lipid.
Concept introduction: On the basis of biochemical functions, lipids are divided into five categories:
- 1. Energy storage lipids: Triacylglycerols.
- 2. Membrane lipids: Phospholipids, sphingoglycolipid and cholesterol.
- 3. Emulsification lipids: Bile acids.
- 4. Messenger lipids: Steroid hormones and eicosanoids.
- 5. Protective coating lipids: Biological waxes.
(d)
Interpretation: Estrogens has to be classified as an energy-storage lipid, a membrane lipid, an emulsification lipid or a messenger lipid.
Concept introduction: On the basis of biochemical functions, lipids are divided into five categories:
- 1. Energy storage lipids: Triacylglycerols.
- 2. Membrane lipids: Phospholipids, sphingoglycolipid and cholesterol.
- 3. Emulsification lipids: Bile acids.
- 4. Messenger lipids: Steroid hormones and eicosanoids.
- 5. Protective coating lipids: Biological waxes.
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EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- The following is a block diagram for a glycerophospholipid where the building blocks are labeled with letters and the linkages between building blocks are labeled with numbers. a. Which building blocks are fatty acid residues? b. Which building blocks are alcohol residues? c. Which linkages are ester linkages? d. Which linkages involve a phosphate residue?arrow_forward21-85 Which of the following statements is (are) consistent with what is known about membranes? (a) A membrane consists of a layer of proteins sandwiched between two layers of lipids. (b) The compositions of the inner and outer lipid layers are the same in any individual membrane. (c) Membranes contain glycolipids and glycoproteins. (d) Lipid bilayers are an important component of membranes. (e) Covalent bonding takes place between lipids and proteins in most membranes.arrow_forwardIn a dietary context, what is the difference between good cholesterol and bad cholesterol?arrow_forward
- 6 Where is glycogen stored in the human body?arrow_forward21-100 What are the functions of a cell membrane? To what extent is a bilayer that consists entirely of lipids able to carry out these functions?arrow_forwardWhich of the terms triacylglycerol, glycerophospholipid, and sphingophospholipid applies to each of the following characterizations? More than one term may apply in a given situation. a. It contains four building blocks. b. All linkages are ester linkages. c. An alcohol building block is present. d. It is an energy-storage lipid.arrow_forward
- Which of the substance categories biological wax, mineral wax, bile acid, and sphingophospholipid has each of the following characteristics? More than one substance may have a given characteristic. a. Structure is based on a steroid nucleus b. A saponifiable lipid c. Contains at least one fatty acid building block d. Contains at least one amide linkagearrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about a lipid bilayer is true or false. a. The outside surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by the polar heads of phospholipids and glycolipids. b. The interaction between the fluid outside a cell and the surface of a lipid bilayer is primarily an interaction between nonpolar entities. c. The interactions between the tails of adjacent lipids in a lipid bilayer usually involve intermolecular forces. d. The outside surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic entities.arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about a lipid bilayer is true or false. a. The outside surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by hydrophobic entities. b. The interaction between the fluid inside a cell and the surface of a lipid bilayer is primarily an interaction between polar entities. c. The outside surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by the nonpolar tails of phospholipids and glycolipids. d. The interactions between adjacent lipids in a lipid bilayer usually involve covalent bonding.arrow_forward
- Give numerical answers to the following questions about the structure of a cholesterol molecule. a. How many six-membered rings arc present? b. How many amide linkages are present? c. How many hydroxyl substituents are present? d. How many total functional groups are present?arrow_forwardWhich of the substance categories biological wax, mineral wax, bile acid, and sphingoglycolipid has each of the following characteristics? More than one substance may have a given characteristic. a. Contains at least one ester linkage b. Contains at least one alcohol building block c. Classified as a protective-coating lipid d. Classified as an emulsification lipidarrow_forward
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