Chapter 18, Problem 1A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The oxidation process needs to be defined.

Concept introduction: The change in oxidation state decides the loss or gain of electrons in oxidation−reduction reactions.

Answer to Problem 1A

Oxidation is loss of electrons. Equation that shows change in oxidation state of sodium is as follows:

  $\text{Na}\to {\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+e}}^{-}$

From the above equation, sodium gets oxidized by loss of 1 electron.

Explanation of Solution

Loss of electrons by ion, molecules or atoms is termed as oxidation. Oxidation involves increase in oxidation state for an element. Because of loss of one or more electrons by element, oxidation state increases. Equation that shows oxidation of sodium is as follows:

  $\text{Na}\to {\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+e}}^{-}$

Conclusion

A chemical reaction includes transfer of electrons. In oxidation, loss of electrons results in an increase in the oxidation state.