Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118875766
Author: T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, Scott A. Snyder
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 18, Problem 19P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stepwise mechanism of the given product formation is to be discussed.

Concept Introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

In SN2 reaction, one bond is broken while another is formed in one step.

Sn2 is a kind of nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism. Since two reacting species are involved in the slow (rate-determining) step, this leads to the term substitution nucleophilic (bi-molecular) or Sn2.

In Sn2 reaction, the nucleophile attacks on the less sterically hindered carbon. Sn2 reaction gives inversion. The reaction takes place in polar aprotic solvents.

Alkylation of ketones takes place with the help of lithium enolates.

Sodium hydride is used to generate enolate ions.

The α hydrogens can undergo halogen substitution reaction in the presence of acid and base.

When halogen substitution reaction takes place in the presence of acid, it is called acid catalyzed halogenation reaction.

When halogen substitution reaction takes places in the presence of a base, it is called base prompted halogenation reaction.

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esc Write the systematic name of each organic molecule: structure CH3 CH3-C=CH2 CH3-CH2-C-CH2-CH3 CH-CH3 CH3 ☐ ☐ ☐ CI-CH-CH=CH2 Explanation Check F1 F2 name 80 F3 F4 F5 F6 A 7 ! 2 # 3 4 % 5 6 & 7 Q W E R Y FT 2025 Mc
Two reactants X and Z are required to convert the compound CH3-CH2-CH2Br to the compound CH3-CH2-CH=P(C6H5)3. State reactants X and Z.
2. Write a reasonable mechanism that converts the reactants into the products. Avoid issues A-U from the previous page. You can use any number of steps (it does not have to be a one-step mechanism). Do not use any other chemicals (solvents, acids, bases, etc.) in your mechanism. 2 2 H ΗΘ

Chapter 18 Solutions

Organic Chemistry

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