Chapter 16.10, Problem 16.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given oxidation reaction equation has to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Aldehyde and ketones are one such an important group in the organic compounds. Both of these compounds contain carbonyl group $\text{C=O}$.

In aldehyde $\text{C=O}$ attach with hydrogen and R. $\left(R-CHO\right)$

In ketone $\text{C=O}$ attach with two R groups, they can be represented as $R-CO-R^{\text{'}}$

Aldehyde readily undergoes oxidation to carboxylic acids.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

The given oxidation reaction equation has to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Aldehyde and ketones are one such an important group in the organic compounds. Both of these compounds contain carbonyl group $\text{C=O}$.

In aldehyde $\text{C=O}$ attach with hydrogen and R. $\left(R-CHO\right)$

In ketone $\text{C=O}$ attach with two R groups, they can be represented as $R-CO-R^{\text{'}}$

Aldehyde readily undergoes oxidation to carboxylic acids.

Tollens’ reagent is an ammoniac silver nitrate solution which can be used to detect the presence of aldehyde in an unknown compound.

As the oxidation of the aldehyde proceeds by Tollens’ reagent, silver metal is deposited on the walls of the reaction flask as a shiny mirror.

The reaction can be represented as follows,

$RCHO+\underset{Tollens\text{'}reagent}{2Ag{\left(N{H}_3\right)}_2^{+}}+2O{H}^{-}\to RCO{O}^{-}+N{H}_4^{+}+2Ag+3N{H}_3+H_{2}O$