Chapter 16, Problem 37A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The three ways of measuring the pH of a solution have to be described. The most accurate way of measuring the pH has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

The acidity or alkalinity of a solution is expressed by determining pH of the solution. The pH of a solution is defined as negative logarithm of the concentration of H+ ion in the solution. pH is expressed as-

  $\text{pH}=-log[H^{+}]$

Explanation of Solution

1. pH of the solution can be measured through the indicator or the pH paper that change color depending on the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
2. pH of the solution can be measured by the pH meter.
3. pH of the solution can be measured by dipping an electrode to the solution. When hydrogen electrode is placed in a solution, it gives pH value of the solution.

But pH of the solution is measured most accurately by using the pH meter as it gives the exact value.