Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place. Concept Introduction: Ketal: A functional group bearing two alkyl group and two alkoxy groups are bonded to central carbon atom, it produced in the acid-catalysed alcoholysis (or) a hemiacetal. Hemiketals: A compound with both an alcohol (-OH) groups and an ether (-OR) groups are bonded to the carbon atom that was at one time the ketone carbonyl carbon. Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15.7, Problem 15.18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Ketal: A functional group bearing two alkyl group and two alkoxy groups are bonded to central carbon atom, it produced in the acid-catalysed alcoholysis (or) a hemiacetal.

Hemiketals: A compound with both an alcohol (-OH) groups and an ether (-OR) groups are bonded to the carbon atom that was at one time the ketone carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal: An acetal is one of organic molecule where two separate oxygen atoms are single bonded to a central carbon atom it is called acetal. In other words compound that has two ether groups (−OR) are bonded to the same carbon atom.

Hemiacetal: A compound with both an alcohol like (−OH) group and ether like (−OR) group bond to the carbon atom was at one time the aldehyde carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

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The beta-lactamase hydrolyzes the lactam-ring in penicillin. Describe the mechanism of hydrolysis, insuring to include the involvement of S, D, & K in the reaction sequence. Please help

To map the active site of beta-lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Why doesn't D in this hexapeptide not participate in the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring even though S, K, and D are involved in the catalyst?

To map the active site of -lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Using the experimental results described above derive the primary sequence of the active site hexapeptide. Please help!

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15.7, Problem 15.18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Ketal: A functional group bearing two alkyl group and two alkoxy groups are bonded to central carbon atom, it produced in the acid-catalysed alcoholysis (or) a hemiacetal.

Hemiketals: A compound with both an alcohol (-OH) groups and an ether (-OR) groups are bonded to the carbon atom that was at one time the ketone carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal: An acetal is one of organic molecule where two separate oxygen atoms are single bonded to a central carbon atom it is called acetal. In other words compound that has two ether groups (−OR) are bonded to the same carbon atom.

Hemiacetal: A compound with both an alcohol like (−OH) group and ether like (−OR) group bond to the carbon atom was at one time the aldehyde carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15.7, Problem 15.18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Ketal: A functional group bearing two alkyl group and two alkoxy groups are bonded to central carbon atom, it produced in the acid-catalysed alcoholysis (or) a hemiacetal.

Hemiketals: A compound with both an alcohol (-OH) groups and an ether (-OR) groups are bonded to the carbon atom that was at one time the ketone carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal: An acetal is one of organic molecule where two separate oxygen atoms are single bonded to a central carbon atom it is called acetal. In other words compound that has two ether groups (−OR) are bonded to the same carbon atom.

Hemiacetal: A compound with both an alcohol like (−OH) group and ether like (−OR) group bond to the carbon atom was at one time the aldehyde carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15.7, Problem 15.18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Ketal: A functional group bearing two alkyl group and two alkoxy groups are bonded to central carbon atom, it produced in the acid-catalysed alcoholysis (or) a hemiacetal.

Hemiketals: A compound with both an alcohol (-OH) groups and an ether (-OR) groups are bonded to the carbon atom that was at one time the ketone carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal: An acetal is one of organic molecule where two separate oxygen atoms are single bonded to a central carbon atom it is called acetal. In other words compound that has two ether groups (−OR) are bonded to the same carbon atom.

Hemiacetal: A compound with both an alcohol like (−OH) group and ether like (−OR) group bond to the carbon atom was at one time the aldehyde carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

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Answer 5

Chapter 15.7, Problem 15.18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Ketal: A functional group bearing two alkyl group and two alkoxy groups are bonded to central carbon atom, it produced in the acid-catalysed alcoholysis (or) a hemiacetal.

Hemiketals: A compound with both an alcohol (-OH) groups and an ether (-OR) groups are bonded to the carbon atom that was at one time the ketone carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal: An acetal is one of organic molecule where two separate oxygen atoms are single bonded to a central carbon atom it is called acetal. In other words compound that has two ether groups (−OR) are bonded to the same carbon atom.

Hemiacetal: A compound with both an alcohol like (−OH) group and ether like (−OR) group bond to the carbon atom was at one time the aldehyde carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

Answer 6

Chapter 15.7, Problem 15.18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Ketal: A functional group bearing two alkyl group and two alkoxy groups are bonded to central carbon atom, it produced in the acid-catalysed alcoholysis (or) a hemiacetal.

Hemiketals: A compound with both an alcohol (-OH) groups and an ether (-OR) groups are bonded to the carbon atom that was at one time the ketone carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

Answer 7

Chapter 15.7, Problem 15.18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Ketal: A functional group bearing two alkyl group and two alkoxy groups are bonded to central carbon atom, it produced in the acid-catalysed alcoholysis (or) a hemiacetal.

Hemiketals: A compound with both an alcohol (-OH) groups and an ether (-OR) groups are bonded to the carbon atom that was at one time the ketone carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal: An acetal is one of organic molecule where two separate oxygen atoms are single bonded to a central carbon atom it is called acetal. In other words compound that has two ether groups (−OR) are bonded to the same carbon atom.

Hemiacetal: A compound with both an alcohol like (−OH) group and ether like (−OR) group bond to the carbon atom was at one time the aldehyde carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given the each set of sugar molecule whether it is a hemiacetal (or) hemiketal it should be identified and anomeric carbon should be indicating on appropriate place.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal: An acetal is one of organic molecule where two separate oxygen atoms are single bonded to a central carbon atom it is called acetal. In other words compound that has two ether groups (−OR) are bonded to the same carbon atom.

Hemiacetal: A compound with both an alcohol like (−OH) group and ether like (−OR) group bond to the carbon atom was at one time the aldehyde carbonyl carbon.

Anomer: This is a hemiacetal or acetal carbon in a cyclic saccharide an atom called the anomeric carbon. In other words two stereoisomers formed from the two possible sterocenters at the anomeric centre are called anomers.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 15.1P Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 15.2P Ch. 15.2 - Draw structures corresponding to the following...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 15.1CIAP Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 15.2CIAP Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 15.4P Ch. 15.2 - Draw the line structures and provide common names...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 15.6KCP Ch. 15.3 - For each compound shown next (ad), indicate...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 15.8KCP

Solution Summary: The author explains that a hemiacetal is an organic molecule where two separate oxygen atoms are single bonded to the central cyclic carbon.

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Chapter 15 Solutions