EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
8th Edition
ISBN: 8220102744127
Author: Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 15.13, Problem 37P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
To state the reason for the statement “ The last step in the mechanism of hydroxide-ion promoted hydrolysis of an amide is promoted by amide ion.”
Concept introduction:
The hydroxide ion promoted hydrolysis of amides is faster reaction as compared to normal hydrolysis reaction. The hydroxide ion participates in the reaction as it is a better nucleophile than water so it attcks the carbonyl carbon and formation of a carboxylate ion and ammonia takes place. The general equation for hydroxide-promoted hydrolysis of amide is written as,
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Chapter 15 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Ch. 15.1 - The aromas of many flowers and fruits are due to...Ch. 15.1 - Name the following:Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 3PCh. 15.2 - Which is longer, the carbon-oxygen single bond in...Ch. 15.2 - There are three carbon-oxygen bonds in methyl...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 6PCh. 15.4 - a. What is the product of the reaction of acetyl...Ch. 15.4 - What is the product of an acyl substitution...Ch. 15.5 - a. Which compound has the stretching vibration for...Ch. 15.5 - Using the pKa values listed in Table 15.1, predict...
Ch. 15.5 - Is the following statement true or false? If the...Ch. 15.6 - Starting with acetyl chloride, what neutral...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 13PCh. 15.7 - Starting with methyl acetate, what neutral...Ch. 15.7 - We saw that it is necessary to use excess amine in...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 17PCh. 15.7 - Which ester hydrolyzes more rapidly? a. methyl...Ch. 15.7 - a. state three factors that cause the uncatalyzed...Ch. 15.8 - Prob. 21PCh. 15.8 - Using the mechanism for the acid-catalyzed...Ch. 15.8 - Prob. 23PCh. 15.8 - Show the mechanism for the acid-catalyzed...Ch. 15.8 - Prob. 25PCh. 15.8 - Write the mechanism for the acid-catalyzed...Ch. 15.8 - Write the mechanism for the acid-catalyzed...Ch. 15.9 - Prob. 28PCh. 15.9 - Prob. 29PCh. 15.10 - Show how each of the following esters could he...Ch. 15.10 - Prob. 32PCh. 15.11 - Prob. 33PCh. 15.11 - Which of the following reactions leads to the...Ch. 15.12 - Prob. 35PCh. 15.12 - Prob. 36PCh. 15.13 - Prob. 37PCh. 15.14 - Prob. 38PCh. 15.14 - Prob. 39PCh. 15.15 - Prob. 40PCh. 15.15 - Which alkyl halides from the carboxylic acids...Ch. 15.16 - Prob. 43PCh. 15.16 - Prob. 44PCh. 15.16 - Prob. 45PCh. 15.17 - Prob. 46PCh. 15.18 - How could you synthesize the following compounds...Ch. 15 - Prob. 48PCh. 15 - Name the following:Ch. 15 - Prob. 50PCh. 15 - What compound are obtained from the fallowing...Ch. 15 - a. Rank the following esters in order of...Ch. 15 - Because bromocyclohexane is a secondary alkyl...Ch. 15 - a. Which compound would you expect to have a...Ch. 15 - How could you use 1H NMR spectroscopy to...Ch. 15 - Rank the following compounds in order of...Ch. 15 - Prob. 57PCh. 15 - Prob. 58PCh. 15 - Prob. 59PCh. 15 - A compound with molecular formula C5H10O2 gives...Ch. 15 - Prob. 61PCh. 15 - Prob. 62PCh. 15 - Prob. 63PCh. 15 - Prob. 64PCh. 15 - Prob. 65PCh. 15 - Prob. 66PCh. 15 - Two products, A and B, are obtained from the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 68PCh. 15 - Prob. 69PCh. 15 - Prob. 70PCh. 15 - Prob. 71PCh. 15 - Prob. 72PCh. 15 - When treated with an equivalent of methanol,...Ch. 15 - a. Identify the two products obtained from the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 75PCh. 15 - Prob. 76PCh. 15 - a. When a carboxylic acid is dissolved in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 78PCh. 15 - Identity the major and minor products of the...Ch. 15 - When a compound with molecular formula C11H14O2...Ch. 15 - Prob. 81PCh. 15 - Prob. 82PCh. 15 - Prob. 83PCh. 15 - The 1H NMR spectra for two esters with molecular...Ch. 15 - Show how the following compounds could be prepared...Ch. 15 - Prob. 86PCh. 15 - Prob. 87PCh. 15 - The intermediate shown here is formed during the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 89PCh. 15 - Propose a mechanism that accounts for the...Ch. 15 - Catalytic antibodies catalyze a reaction by...Ch. 15 - Prob. 92P
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- Explain the mechanism for the hydroxide-ion-promoted hydrolysis of an ester?arrow_forwardPlease draw out the mechanism for the reaction that involves the deprotonation of the acidic hydrogen on the ester followed by nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon to form an enolate intermediate.arrow_forwardWhy is the ester hydrolysis slow in the beginning and becomes faster after sometime.arrow_forward
- An alternative procedure for preparing the amine of Step 3 is reductive amination of the corresponding ketone. What is reductive amination? Why might this two-step route for formation of the amine be preferred over the one-step reductive amination?arrow_forward*Choose the correct sentence from the following An important method for preparing cyclic amides is the reaction of Criniard's reagent with cyclohexanone The reaction of inulin with indole is given in an acidic medium that gives a cyclic amide 00 Caprolactam is a type of cyclic amide that can be prepared from cyclohexanearrow_forwardThe –NHCOR group of an amide is an activating group, but it is not as strongly activating as NH2. (a) Explain why it is an activating group. (b) Explain why it is less activating than NH2.arrow_forward
- The final products for the hydroxide-ion-promoted hydrolysis of an ester re the carboxylate ion and methanol instead of the carboxylic acid and methoxide ion. Why?arrow_forwardWhen acetophenone, hydroxelamine hydrochloride, and sodium hydroxide are reacted to synthesize acetophenone oxime, why is it necessary to add hydrochloric acid after the reaction to make it acidic?arrow_forwardWhat is the reason of providing a mild acid condition for the preparation of imine? Mild acid will protonate the hydroxyl group of the aminoalcohol intermediate without protonating the nitrogen of the amine starting materials. O Strong acid will rapidly neutralize the amine starting materials before any reaction can occur. Strong acid condition will alter the structure of aldehyde or ketone as the strong acid will attach to the carbonyl oxygen of aldehyde or ketone making it least nucleophilic. Mild acid will protonate the aldehyde and ketones readily rather than the strong acid.arrow_forward
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