Chapter 15, Problem 62A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The solution that has greatest number of ions needs to be determined.

Concept introduction: Electrolytes dissociates in water to give positive ion called cations and negative ions called anions. Cations are attracted to negative end of oxygen and anions are attracted to positive end of hydrogen in solution via dipolar interaction.

Answer to Problem 62A

Solution 4 has greatest number of ions.

Explanation of Solution

  $\text{Sodium phosphate (}N{a}_{3}P{O}_4\text{)}$ in water as follows: $N{a}_{3}P{O}_4(s)\to \text{ 3}N{a}^{+}\left(aq\right)+P{O}_4^{3-}\left(aq\right)$

Total number of ions produces $=(3+1)=4$

Hence, $\text{sodium phosphate (}N{a}_{3}P{O}_4\text{)}$ produces greatest number of ions.

Conclusion

  $\text{Cesium chloride (}CsCl\text{)}$ in water as follows: $CsCl(s)\to C{s}^{+}\left(aq\right)+C{l}^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Total number of ion produced $=(1+1)=2$

  $\text{Sodium sulphate (}N{a}_{2}S{O}_4\text{)}$ in water as follows: $N{a}_{2}S{O}_4(s)\to \text{ 2}N{a}^{+}\left(aq\right)+\text{ S}{O}_4^{2-}\left(aq\right)$

Total number of ions produced $=(2+1)=3$

  $\text{Cesium fluoride (}CsCl\text{)}$ in water as follows: $CsF(s)\to C{s}^{+}\left(aq\right)+F^{-}\left(aq\right)$

Total number of ions produced $=(1+1)=2$

Hence these options cannot be correct.