Chapter 15.1, Problem 1RQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Molecular level picture showing salt and sugar solution has to be depicted.

Concept introduction: Solution is a mixture in which all components are uniformly distributed. Any solution has 2 substances: solute and solvent. For the formation of a solution, compatibility between solute and solvent is required. Examples are salt solution and sugar solution.

Explanation of Solution

In the case of water molecules, hydrogen bonding is a prevalent force between molecules to hold them together. For dissolving salt that is $\text{NaCl}$ in water, this hydrogen bond between water molecules has to be overcome.

  ${\text{Na}}^{+}$ and ${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ from $\text{NaCl}$ strongly interact with water molecules as shown below:

  

In case of sugar that is ${\text{C}}_{12}{\text{H}}_{22}{\text{O}}_{11}$ , there are lots of polar ${\text{OH}}^{-}$ group which strongly interact with water molecule as follows: