Describes what happen in the reaction of an aldehyde with an alcohol, it should be explained. Concept Introduction: Hydrolysis Reaction: This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water. Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of π -bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule. Acetal formation: The acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone , the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction. A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 15, Problem 15.23UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Describes what happen in the reaction of an aldehyde with an alcohol, it should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Hydrolysis Reaction: This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of π-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

Acetal formation: The acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone, the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction.

A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The line structure should be draw and identified given the reactant of aldehyde and alcohol to form a hemiacetal, the transformation should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal formation: The small amount of acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone, the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction.

A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.

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The beta-lactamase hydrolyzes the lactam-ring in penicillin. Describe the mechanism of hydrolysis, insuring to include the involvement of S, D, & K in the reaction sequence. Please help

To map the active site of beta-lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Why doesn't D in this hexapeptide not participate in the hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring even though S, K, and D are involved in the catalyst?

To map the active site of -lactamase, the enzyme was hydrolyzed with trypsin to yield a hexapeptide (P1) with the following amino acids. Glu, Lys, Leu, Phe, Met, and Ser. Treatment of P1 with phenyl isothiocyanate yielded a PTH derivative of phenylalanine and a peptide (P2). Treatment of P1 with cyanogenbromide gave an acidic tetrapeptide (P3) and a dipeptide (P4).Treatment of P2 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, followed by complete hydrolysis, yields N-2,4-dinitrophenyl-Glu. P1, P2, and P3 contain the active site serine. Using the experimental results described above derive the primary sequence of the active site hexapeptide. Please help!

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 15, Problem 15.23UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Describes what happen in the reaction of an aldehyde with an alcohol, it should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Hydrolysis Reaction: This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of π-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

Acetal formation: The acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone, the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction.

A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The line structure should be draw and identified given the reactant of aldehyde and alcohol to form a hemiacetal, the transformation should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal formation: The small amount of acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone, the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction.

A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 15, Problem 15.23UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Describes what happen in the reaction of an aldehyde with an alcohol, it should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Hydrolysis Reaction: This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of π-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

Acetal formation: The acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone, the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction.

A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The line structure should be draw and identified given the reactant of aldehyde and alcohol to form a hemiacetal, the transformation should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Acetal formation: The small amount of acid catalysts is added to the reaction of an alcohol with an aldehyde or ketone, the hemi-space initially formed is converted into an acetal or a ketal substitution reaction.

A hemiacetal or a hemiketal: addition of alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone which produce hemi acetal.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 15, Problem 15.23UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction