Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 4FIB
Matching DNA samples in
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An important application of DNA fingerprinting is relationship testing. Persons who are related genetically have some bands or peaks in common. The number they share depends on the closeness of their genetic relationship. For example, an offspring is expected to receive half of his or her minisatellites from one parent and the rest from the other. The diagram shown here schematically illustrates traditional DNA fingerprints of an offspring, mother, and two potential fathers. In paternity testing, the offspring’s DNA fingerprint is first compared with that of the mother. The bands that the offspring have in common with the mother are depicted in purple. The bands that are not similar between the offspring and the mother must have been inherited from the father. These bands are depicted in red. Which male could be the father?
"Genes and alleles are the same thing."
Please explain in detail why this is false and a misconception.
Regarding the analysis of single marker STR results used in forensic science. Tick all the correct statements:
if a suspect's alleles are identical to those collected at a crime scene, then the suspect is possibly guilty
dizygotic twins can have similar alleles at an STR locus
no correct statement
if a suspect's alleles are different from those found at a crime scene, then the suspect is definitely innocent
monozygotic twins may have different alleles at an STR locus
☐if a suspect's alleles are different from those collected at a crime scene, then the suspect is possibly innocent
☐two unrelated individuals could have a similar genetic profile
monozygotic twins cannot have different alleles at an STR locus
dizygotic twins cannot have similar alleles at an STR locus
☐if a suspect's alleles are identical to those collected at a crime scene, then the suspect is definitely guilty
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 14.1 - define biotechnology?Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 14.2 - describe natural processes that recombine DNA,...Ch. 14.3 - Guilty or Innocent? When biological evidence was...Ch. 14.3 - For any single person, a given STR always has...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 2CSCCh. 14.3 - There are many other applications in which DNA...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 14.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 14.3 - Prob. 3CYL
Ch. 14.4 - Restriction enzymes are isolated from bacteria....Ch. 14.4 - explain how genes are inserted into a plasmid, and...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 14.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 14.5 - describe the advantages of genetically modified...Ch. 14.5 - list some examples of how GM animals might be...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 14.6 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 14.6 - explain how knowledge of the genomes of humans and...Ch. 14.7 - Prob. 1TCCh. 14.7 - explain how biotechnology is used to diagnose both...Ch. 14.7 - describe the procedures and advantages of gene...Ch. 14.8 - Genetic engineering is used both in food crops and...Ch. 14.8 - explain why people might be opposed to the use of...Ch. 14.8 - envision circumstances in which it would be...Ch. 14.8 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 14.8 - Prob. 2CTCh. 14 - Prob. 1MCCh. 14 - Prob. 2MCCh. 14 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14 - A restriction enzyme a. cuts DNA at a specific...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5MCCh. 14 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 14 - _________is the process whereby bacteria pick up...Ch. 14 - The _______ is a technique tor multiplying DNA in...Ch. 14 - Matching DNA samples in forensics uses a specific...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 14 - Prob. 1RQCh. 14 - Prob. 2RQCh. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Prob. 5RQCh. 14 - How does gel electrophoresis separate pieces of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7RQCh. 14 - Prob. 8RQCh. 14 - Prob. 9RQCh. 14 - Prob. 10RQCh. 14 - As you may know, many Insects have evolved...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2AC
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- The particular combination of alleles present in a given organism is referred to as a: Locus Gene Genotype Trait Phenotypearrow_forwardCompare the bands of each set of parents to each of the babies and determine vhich baby belongs to which set of parents. Line up the bands and illustrate vhich bands each baby inherited from its mother and from its father. Couple C M F Couple B Baby Baby Baby Couple A M F M F 1 3 Figure 1 DŇA fingerprint data obtained from three sets of infants and three sets of parents a. Identify which baby belongs to which set of parents. b. Explain why not all the bands in the mother's or father's profiles have counterpart in the baby's DNA profile. c. List other examples where DNA fingerprinting could be used to identify an individual. d. Explain why blood typing may not be a viable method of determining which baby belongs to which parent. e. Identify the largest DNA fragment on the gel. Identify the smallest DNA f. fragment on the gel. | | | | | || || | |arrow_forwardJust like actual fingerprints, DNA fingerprints are unique to most individuals (other than identical twins). Today, most police departments in the United States use DNA fingerprints as a criminal investigation tool. What is another application of DNA fingerprints? O A. Identifyipg a person's personality traits O B. Identifying the father of a child O C. Identifying the sex of a future, not conceived offspring O D. Determining if a person has consumes genetically engineered plantsarrow_forward
- How do you figure out the geno and phenotype from the info given? 2 pages out the lab but I figured once explained I’ll be able to do understand and do the rest!arrow_forwardWhich of the following individuals would you expect to share 25% of their DNA with you? Select all correct answers. Your aunt or uncle Your child Your first cousin Your grandparent Your parent Your siblingarrow_forwardPolice discovered the body of a woman who had been brutally assaulted. DNA from the crime scene was analysed and yielded the following SNP genotype: A1A2, G2G2, T1T2 for both the victim and a suspect. If the frequencies of A1, G1 and T1 alleles are 0.9, 0.99, 0.8 respectively, calculate the probability that another person in the group of suspects is responsible for the crime.arrow_forward
- I'm so confused with these table, how do I find the number for each one. I can do the formula but the rest im confused. Biology II. Please show me how to do it for I can practice. In a class of 20 biology students, 12 have the recessive disorder, chronic whining syndrome. Use the Hardy-Weinberg equations to determine the frequency of the recessive allele for the chronic whining disorder within the class of 20 students.arrow_forwardWhat is wrong with simply saying that a suspect is included in a mixture without providing any statistics? Why is it important to establish independence between alleles and between loci? im assuming allele frequency in dna, particualrily forensics. class is forensic dna analysis.arrow_forwardTo understand this research, you must be familiar with some basic genetic terminology. Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Not all terms will be used. dominant allele phenotype The possession of two different alleles of a particular gene is referred to as Reset Help A variation in a DNA sequence at one particular position is called a heterozygosity genotype recessive allele homozygosity single nucleotide polymorphism The appearance of the organism, its observable traits, are referred to as the A variant of a gene for which an individual must be homozygous in order for it to influence the appearance of the organism is a The set of alleles an organism has for a particular trait is the organism's Submit Request Answerarrow_forward
- Please do NOT COPY FROM THE INTERNET. Write the answers in a simple way as possible. Again no copying from the internet. Use the vocabulary words in the side for whatever numbers of the question it is asking you to.arrow_forwardWhat is wrong with simply saying that a suspect is included in a mixture without providing any statistics? Why is it important to establish independence between alleles and between loci? In terms of str analysis and allele frequency. Forensic DNA Analysis This is all that has been asked so i can't provide more information.arrow_forwardDefine the terms allele, chromosome, and gene and explain how they relate to one another. Develop an analogy between these terms and the process of using a street map to locate a new apartment to live in next year (i.e., consider which term is analogous to a street, which to a type of building, and which to an apartment floor plan).arrow_forward
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