Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960060
Author: Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Question
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Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structural formula of methanal is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The systematic naming of organic compound is given by IUPAC. The naming of organic compound is done in such a way that the structure of organic compound is correctly interpreted from the name.

Rules for writing the structural formula from IUPAC are:

• First identify the word root for the given compound.

• The suffix used in the compound like –ane, ene, yne, ol, al and so on.

• Identify the position, location, and number of the substituent bonded to the carbon chain.

Aldehydes and ketones contain carbonyl Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  1 functional group in their parent chain and are named by adding suffix –al and –one to the name of the parent alkane.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14.7E

The structural formula of methanal is,

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  2

Explanation of Solution

The given name is methanal. The functional group present in the given compound is aldehyde (CHO). The suffix used for aldehyde is –al. The base name of the compound is methane. Therefore, the structure contains only one carbon atom to which aldehyde group is directly attached. Therefore, the structural formula of methanal is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  3

Figure 1

Conclusion

The structural formula of methanal is shown in Figure 1.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 3-ethyl-2-pentanone is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The systematic naming of organic compound is given by IUPAC. The naming of organic compound is done in such a way that the structure of organic compound is correctly interpreted from the name.

Rules for writing the structural formula from IUPAC are:

• First identify the word root for the given compound.

• The suffix used in the compound like –ane, ene, yne, ol, al and so on.

• Identify the position, location, and number of the substituent bonded to the carbon chain.

Aldehydes and ketones contain carbonyl Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  4 functional group in their parent chain and are named by adding suffix –al and –one to the name of the parent alkane.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14.7E

The structural formula of 3-ethyl-2-pentanone is,

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  5

Explanation of Solution

The given name is 3-ethyl-2-pentanone. The root word used in this is pent. It means structure contains five carbon atoms. The hydrocarbons that are attached to the longest chain are called substituents and they are written as prefix in alphabetical order. One methyl substituent is attached to the third carbon atom. The functional group present in the given compound is ketone (R-CO-R) because the suffix used for ketone is –one. It is present at second carbon atom. Therefore, the structure corresponding to 3-ethyl-2-pentanone is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  6

Figure 2

Conclusion

The structural formula of 3-ethyl-2-pentanone is shown in Figure 2.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 3-methylcyclohexanone is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The systematic naming of organic compound is given by IUPAC. The naming of organic compound is done in such a way that the structure of organic compound is correctly interpreted from the name.

Rules for writing the structural formula from IUPAC are:

• First identify the word root for the given compound.

• The suffix used in the compound like –ane, ene, yne, ol, al and so on.

• Identify the position, location, and number of the substituent bonded to the carbon chain.

Aldehydes and ketones contain carbonyl Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  7 functional group in their parent chain and are named by adding suffix –al and –one to the name of the parent alkane.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14.7E

The structural formula of 3-methylcyclohexanone is,

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  8

Explanation of Solution

The given name is 3-methylcyclohexanone. The root word used in this is cyclohex. It means structure contains six carbon atoms in a ring. One methyl substituent is attached to the third carbon atom. The functional group present in the given compound is ketone (R-CO-R) because the suffix used for ketone is –one. It is present at first carbon atom. Therefore, the structure corresponding to 3-methylcyclohexanone is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  9

Figure 3

Conclusion

The structural formula of 3-methylcyclohexanone is shown in Figure 3.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The structural formula of 2, 4, 6-trimethylheptanal is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The systematic naming of organic compound is given by IUPAC. The naming of organic compound is done in such a way that the structure of organic compound is correctly interpreted from the name.

Rules for writing the structural formula from IUPAC are:

• First identify the word root for the given compound.

• The suffix used in the compound like –ane, ene, yne, ol, al and so on.

• Identify the position, location, and number of the substituent bonded to the carbon chain.

Aldehydes and ketones contain carbonyl Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  10 functional group in their parent chain and are named by adding suffix –al and –one to the name of the parent alkane.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14.7E

The structural formula of 2, 4, 6-trimethylheptanal is,

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  11

Explanation of Solution

The given name is 2, 4, 6-trimethylheptanal. The root word used in this is hept. It means structure contains seven carbon atoms. Three methyl substituents are attached to the second, fourth and sixth carbon atoms. The functional group present in the given compound is aldehyde (COH) because the suffix used for aldehyde is –al. It is present at first carbon atom. Therefore, the structure corresponding to 2, 4, 6-trimethylheptanal is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Chapter 14, Problem 14.7E , additional homework tip  12

Figure 4

Conclusion

The structural formula of 2, 4, 6-trimethylheptanal is shown in Figure 4.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry

Ch. 14 - Each of the following names is wrong. Give the...Ch. 14 - Each of the following names is wrong. Give the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.13ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.14ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.15ECh. 14 - Explain why propane boils at 42C, whereas ethanal,...Ch. 14 - Use a dotted line to show hydrogen bonding between...Ch. 14 - Use a dotted line to show hydrogen bonding between...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.19ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.20ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.21ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.22ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.23ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.24ECh. 14 - Label each of the following as acetals, ketals, or...Ch. 14 - Label each of the following as acetals, ketals, or...Ch. 14 - Label each of the following structures as a cyclic...Ch. 14 - Label each of the following structures as a...Ch. 14 - What two functional groups react to form the...Ch. 14 - Hemiacetals are sometimes referred to as potential...Ch. 14 - Complete the following statements: a. Oxidation of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.32ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.33ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.34ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.35ECh. 14 - Not all aldehyde give a positve Bendicts test....Ch. 14 - A stockroom assistant prepares three bottles, each...Ch. 14 - Glucose, the sugar present within the blood, gives...Ch. 14 - Fructose, present with glucose in honey, reacts...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.40ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.41ECh. 14 - Complete the following equations. If no reaction...Ch. 14 - Complete the following equations. If no reaction...Ch. 14 - Describe the products that result when hydrogen...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.45ECh. 14 - Draw structural formulas for the products of the...Ch. 14 - The following compounds are cyclic acetals or...Ch. 14 - The following compounds are cyclic acetals or...Ch. 14 - Write equations to show how the following...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.50ECh. 14 - Identify the most important aldehyde and ketone...Ch. 14 - Using Table 14.3, name an aldehyde or ketone used...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.53ECh. 14 - CH3COH(O)CH3COOHacetaldehydeaceticacid You need to...Ch. 14 - The addition of water to aldehydes and ketones...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.56ECh. 14 - Formaldehyde levels above 0.10mg/1000L of ambient...Ch. 14 - In the IUPAC name for the following ketone, it is...Ch. 14 - Why can formaldehyde (CH2O) be prepared in the...Ch. 14 - Other addition reactions of aldehydes occur....Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.61ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.62ECh. 14 - Vanilla flavoring is either extracted from a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.64ECh. 14 - The use of acetone in laboratory experiments must...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.66ECh. 14 - Prob. 14.67ECh. 14 - Which of the following would be classified as a...
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