The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned. Concept Introduction: Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word. Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name. Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene , alkyne , alcohol, carboxylic acid , alcohol etc. Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule. IUPAC rules for naming ether: ✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether. ✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc. ✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 1

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 2

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be two methoxy groups.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 3

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. In this case as two methoxy groups are present prefix di- is added before methoxy. This gives the IUPAC name as 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 4

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-butanol.

Explanation of Solution

Given structure is,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 5

The longest continuous carbon chain with the hydroxyl group is found to be four carbon chain. Therefore, the parent alkane is butane. As a hydroxyl group is present the name of the alcohol can be given as butanol.

The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering. In this case, the hydroxyl group is present in the first carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name can be given as 1-butanol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 6

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-ethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 7

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 8

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be ethoxy as it contains two carbon atoms.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 9

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. This gives the IUPAC name as 1-ethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 10

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-methoxyphenol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 11

The given compound has two functional group namely, hydroxyl group and a alkoxy group. Alcohol has got more preference over ether. Therefore, the IUPAC name is given by using the parent as alcohol. In this case the parent alcohol is found to be phenol. The substituent that is present in the phenol is a methoxy group in the second carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound can be written as 2-methoxyphenol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 12

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for? 3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2

There is currently a H5N1 cattle outbreak in North America. According to the CDC on Feb 26*: "A multistate outbreak of HPAI A(H5N1) bird flu in dairy cows was first reported on March 25, 2024. This is the first time that these bird flu viruses had been found in cows. In the United States, since 2022, USDA has reported HPAI A(H5N1) virus detections in more than 200 mammals." List and describe two mechanisms that could lead to this H5N1 influenza strain evolving to spread in human: Mechanisms 1: Mechanisms 2: For the mutations to results in a human epidered they would need to change how the virus interacts with the human host. In the case of mutations that may promote an epidemic, provide an example for: a protein that might incur a mutation: how the mutation would change interactions with cells in the respiratory tract (name the receptor on human cells) List two phenotypic consequence from this mutation that would increase human risk

You have a bacterial strain with the CMU operon: a) As shown in the image below, the cmu operon encodes a peptide (Pep1), as well as a kinase and regulator corresponding to a two-component system. The cmu operon is activated when Pep 1 is added to the growth media. Pep1 is a peptide that when added extracellularly leads to activation of the Cmu operon. Pep1 cmu-kinase cmu-regulator You also have these genetic components in other strains: b) An alternative sigma factor, with a promoter activated by the cmu-regulator, that control a series of multiple operons that together encode a transformasome (cellular machinery for transformation). c) the gene cl (a repressor). d) the promoter X, which includes a cl binding site (and in the absence of cl is active). e) the gene gp (encoding a green fluorescence protein). Using the cmu operon as a starting point, and assuming you can perform cloning to rearrange any of these genomic features, how would you use one or more of these to modify the…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 1

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 2

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be two methoxy groups.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 3

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. In this case as two methoxy groups are present prefix di- is added before methoxy. This gives the IUPAC name as 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 4

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-butanol.

Explanation of Solution

Given structure is,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 5

The longest continuous carbon chain with the hydroxyl group is found to be four carbon chain. Therefore, the parent alkane is butane. As a hydroxyl group is present the name of the alcohol can be given as butanol.

The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering. In this case, the hydroxyl group is present in the first carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name can be given as 1-butanol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 6

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-ethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 7

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 8

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be ethoxy as it contains two carbon atoms.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 9

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. This gives the IUPAC name as 1-ethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 10

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-methoxyphenol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 11

The given compound has two functional group namely, hydroxyl group and a alkoxy group. Alcohol has got more preference over ether. Therefore, the IUPAC name is given by using the parent as alcohol. In this case the parent alcohol is found to be phenol. The substituent that is present in the phenol is a methoxy group in the second carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound can be written as 2-methoxyphenol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 12

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 1

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 2

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be two methoxy groups.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 3

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. In this case as two methoxy groups are present prefix di- is added before methoxy. This gives the IUPAC name as 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 4

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-butanol.

Explanation of Solution

Given structure is,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 5

The longest continuous carbon chain with the hydroxyl group is found to be four carbon chain. Therefore, the parent alkane is butane. As a hydroxyl group is present the name of the alcohol can be given as butanol.

The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering. In this case, the hydroxyl group is present in the first carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name can be given as 1-butanol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 6

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-ethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 7

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 8

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be ethoxy as it contains two carbon atoms.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 9

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. This gives the IUPAC name as 1-ethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 10

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-methoxyphenol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 11

The given compound has two functional group namely, hydroxyl group and a alkoxy group. Alcohol has got more preference over ether. Therefore, the IUPAC name is given by using the parent as alcohol. In this case the parent alcohol is found to be phenol. The substituent that is present in the phenol is a methoxy group in the second carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound can be written as 2-methoxyphenol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 12

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 1

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 2

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be two methoxy groups.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 3

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. In this case as two methoxy groups are present prefix di- is added before methoxy. This gives the IUPAC name as 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 4

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-butanol.

Explanation of Solution

Given structure is,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 5

The longest continuous carbon chain with the hydroxyl group is found to be four carbon chain. Therefore, the parent alkane is butane. As a hydroxyl group is present the name of the alcohol can be given as butanol.

The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering. In this case, the hydroxyl group is present in the first carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name can be given as 1-butanol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 6

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-ethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 7

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 8

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be ethoxy as it contains two carbon atoms.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 9

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. This gives the IUPAC name as 1-ethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 10

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-methoxyphenol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 11

The given compound has two functional group namely, hydroxyl group and a alkoxy group. Alcohol has got more preference over ether. Therefore, the IUPAC name is given by using the parent as alcohol. In this case the parent alcohol is found to be phenol. The substituent that is present in the phenol is a methoxy group in the second carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound can be written as 2-methoxyphenol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 12

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 1

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 2

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be two methoxy groups.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 3

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. In this case as two methoxy groups are present prefix di- is added before methoxy. This gives the IUPAC name as 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 4

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-butanol.

Explanation of Solution

Given structure is,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 5

The longest continuous carbon chain with the hydroxyl group is found to be four carbon chain. Therefore, the parent alkane is butane. As a hydroxyl group is present the name of the alcohol can be given as butanol.

The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering. In this case, the hydroxyl group is present in the first carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name can be given as 1-butanol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 6

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-ethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 7

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 8

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be ethoxy as it contains two carbon atoms.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 9

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. This gives the IUPAC name as 1-ethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 10

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-methoxyphenol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 11

The given compound has two functional group namely, hydroxyl group and a alkoxy group. Alcohol has got more preference over ether. Therefore, the IUPAC name is given by using the parent as alcohol. In this case the parent alcohol is found to be phenol. The substituent that is present in the phenol is a methoxy group in the second carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound can be written as 2-methoxyphenol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 12

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Answer 6

Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 1

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 2

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be two methoxy groups.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 3

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. In this case as two methoxy groups are present prefix di- is added before methoxy. This gives the IUPAC name as 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 4

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Answer 7

Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

Answer 8

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

Answer 9

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 10

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 1

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 2

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be two methoxy groups.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 3

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. In this case as two methoxy groups are present prefix di- is added before methoxy. This gives the IUPAC name as 1,3-dimethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 4

Answer 13

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Answer 14

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-butanol.

Explanation of Solution

Given structure is,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 5

The longest continuous carbon chain with the hydroxyl group is found to be four carbon chain. Therefore, the parent alkane is butane. As a hydroxyl group is present the name of the alcohol can be given as butanol.

The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering. In this case, the hydroxyl group is present in the first carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name can be given as 1-butanol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 6

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Answer 15

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

Answer 16

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-butanol.

Answer 17

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 18

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Expert Solution

Answer 20

Explanation of Solution

Given structure is,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 5

The longest continuous carbon chain with the hydroxyl group is found to be four carbon chain. Therefore, the parent alkane is butane. As a hydroxyl group is present the name of the alcohol can be given as butanol.

The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering. In this case, the hydroxyl group is present in the first carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name can be given as 1-butanol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 6

Answer 21

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Answer 22

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-ethoxypropane.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 7

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 8

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be ethoxy as it contains two carbon atoms.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 9

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. This gives the IUPAC name as 1-ethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 10

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Answer 23

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.

Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.

Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

IUPAC rules for naming ether:

✓ The base name is found from the longest carbon chain present in ether.

✓ The suffix –yl has to be changed to –oxy in order to obtain the alkoxy group name. For example, ethyl becomes as ethoxy, methyl becomes as methoxy etc.

✓ Alkoxy name has to be placed first with the number (carbon atom to which the alkoxy group is attached) followed by the base name.

Answer 24

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 1-ethoxypropane.

Answer 25

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer 26

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer 27

Expert Solution

Answer 28

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 7

First step is to identify the longest carbon chain. In this case it is a three carbon chain. Hence, the base name is propane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 8

Next step is to identify the alkoxy group. In the given compound, the alkoxy group is found to be ethoxy as it contains two carbon atoms.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 9

Alkoxy name is placed before the base name with the appropriate number that gives information about to which carbon atom the alkoxy group is attached. This gives the IUPAC name as 1-ethoxypropane.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 10

Answer 29

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Answer 30

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-methoxyphenol.

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 11

The given compound has two functional group namely, hydroxyl group and a alkoxy group. Alcohol has got more preference over ether. Therefore, the IUPAC name is given by using the parent as alcohol. In this case the parent alcohol is found to be phenol. The substituent that is present in the phenol is a methoxy group in the second carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound can be written as 2-methoxyphenol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 12

Conclusion

IUPAC name for the given compound is assigned.

Answer 31

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of given compound has to be assigned.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain single hydroxyl group:

• Longest carbon chain has to be identified that contains hydroxyl group also. The chain name is obtained by replacing the letter “-e” in alkane with “-ol”. If the compound contains a unsaturated bond, then the respective name has to be changed with regard to alkane.

• The numbering has to be given so that the hydroxyl group gets the least numbering.

• Name and location of any other substituent present in the chain has to be identified.

• If in a ring the hydroxyl group is present, then that carbon is numbered 1 and the numbering then proceeds counterclockwise or clockwise in a way that substituents present if any gets the least numbering.

• Hydroxyl group as a substituent in a molecule is named as hydroxy group rather than hydroxyl group.

• If the compound contains bulky groups on same side of the double bond, then it is a cis isomer and if the bulkyl groups are present on opposite side of the double bond, then it is a trans isomer.

• In case of cycloalkane compounds, if the substitutions are present on same side of the ring of carbon atoms, it is a cis isomer. If the substitutions are present above and below the ring, then it is a trans isomer.

IUPAC rules for naming alcohols that contain more than one hydroxyl group:

• The same rules said above is followed but the prefix di-, tri-, tetra etc is added corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups that is present.

Answer 32

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 14.104EP

IUPAC name of the given compound is 2-methoxyphenol.

Answer 33

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 34

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 35

Expert Solution

Answer 36

Explanation of Solution

The structure of given compound is shown below,

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 11

The given compound has two functional group namely, hydroxyl group and a alkoxy group. Alcohol has got more preference over ether. Therefore, the IUPAC name is given by using the parent as alcohol. In this case the parent alcohol is found to be phenol. The substituent that is present in the phenol is a methoxy group in the second carbon atom. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the given compound can be written as 2-methoxyphenol.

EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH, Chapter 14, Problem 14.104EP , additional homework tip 12