Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 13TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Some mutations result in proteins that function well at one temperature but are nonfunctional at a different (usually higher) temperature. Siamese cats have such a “temperature-sensitive” mutation in a gene encoding an enzyme that makes dark pigment in the fur. The mutation results in the breed's distinctive point markings and lighter body color (see the photo). Using this information and what you learned in the chapter, explain the pattern of the cat’s fur pigmentation.
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You suspect a protein that is being expressed has been affected by a mutation. When you examine the fully functional protein you find curiously that it still has retained all of its overall function. A friend of yours doing research with you assures you when examining the genetic data a new mutation does in fact exist in this protein. What is the most likely type of mutation that occurred based on this information?
Group of answer choices
frameshift mutation
silent mutation
nonsense mutation
A gene affecting the behavioral outlook of individuals was discovered in several humans who can overcome anxiety caused by life's problems. Part of the gene that į translated into protein has a sequence 3'-GGATCCCGAATGTAATGCGTGCTC AATGGTAGTACGGC-5'.
1. What is the complementary strand of the DNA?
2. What is the sequence of the MRNA product after translation?
3. What is the sequence of the peptide encoded by the portion of the gene? (Use one letter symbol of amino acids)
Transcribe and translate the mutated sequence #1. Determine the consequence, if any, for each mutation. You will need to use your codon charts in your ISN. Practice with both charts.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 14.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In a research article about...Ch. 14.1 - What polypeptide product would you expect from a...Ch. 14.1 - DRAW IT The template strand of a gene contains the...Ch. 14.2 - What is a promoter? Is it located at the upstream...Ch. 14.2 - What enables RNA polymerase to start transcribing...Ch. 14.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose X-rays caused a sequence change...Ch. 14.3 - Given that there are about 20,000 human genes, how...Ch. 14.3 - How is RNA splicing similar to how you would watch...Ch. 14.3 - WHAT IF? What would be the effect of treating...Ch. 14.4 - What two processes ensure that the correct amino...
Ch. 14.4 - Discuss the ways in which rRNA structure likely...Ch. 14.4 - Describe how a polypeptide to be secreted is...Ch. 14.4 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT Draw a tRNA with the anticodon...Ch. 14.5 - What happens when one nucleotide pair is lost from...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 14.5 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT The template strand of a gene...Ch. 14 - In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 14 - The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is A....Ch. 14 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 14 - Which component is not directly involved in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 14 - Fill in the following table: Type of RNA Functions...Ch. 14 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Knowing that the genetic code...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 14 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION Evolution accounts for the...Ch. 14 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Some mutations result in...
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- Please help me, this is from practice, double check your answers, previous tutors got it wrongarrow_forwardPlease helparrow_forwardWhat type of mutation is this? 1. Which type of mutation is responsible for new varia tions of a trait? Which type of mutation does not result in an abnormal amino acid sequece? Which type of mutation stops the translation of an mRNA molecule? 2. Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle cell anemia is the result of a type of mutation in the gene that codes for part of the hemoglobin molecule Hemoglobin carries oxygen in your red bloods cells. The mutation causes these red blood cells to become stife sickle-shaped when they release their oxygen. The sickled cells tend to get stuck in blood vessels, causing poin ond increased risk of stroke, blindness, damage to the heart & lungs, and other conditions. Analyze the DNA strands below to determine what amino acid is changed AND what type of mutation occurred Normal hemoglobin DNA A G TC Normal hemoglobin mRNA val• Hisolelo thr•proo Gll Normal hemoglobin AA sequence CA cGT AG A CTGAGG AC AC Sickle cell hemoglobin DNA Sickle cell hemoglobin mRNA Sickle cell…arrow_forward
- Using a computer algorithm that searches for sequence similarities in other organisms, you discover that hexose kinase is a highly conserved gene that is expressed by many species, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic. The most closely related prokaryotic homolog of hexose kinase has a protein sequence in which 90% of the amino acids are identical to those of the human version of the gene. To learn more about their similarity at the DNA level, you obtain segments of the genomic DNA coding for the hexose kinase gene in both humans and this prokaryotic species. After combining both DNA samples, you heat them to denature the DNA strands and then allow them to cool and reanneal. Finally, you examine the DNA hybrids you obtain under the electron microscope. Your analysis reveals that there are three different DNA hybrids in this sample, these can be seen below. You reason that one must belong to the prokaryotic species, one to the humans and the third arose when one strand from each species base…arrow_forwardBiochemistry: Site-directed mutagenesis, in which individual amino acid residues are replaced with others, is a powerful method to study enzyme mechanisms. In experiments with particular enzyme, various lysine residues were replaced with aspartate, yielding the results summarized in the table below: Enzyme Form: Enzyme Activity (U/mg) Native enzyme: 1,000 U/mg Recombinant Lys 21 to Asp 21: 970 U/mg Recombinant Lys 86 to Asp 86: 100 U/mg Recombinant Lys 101 to Asp 101: 970 U/mg a. What might be inferred about the role of Lys 21, 86, and 101 in the catalytic mechanism of this enzyme? b. Discuss where within the enzyme one might find Lys 21 and 101. Are these residues likely to be evolutionary conserved in this enzyme? Explain c. Is Lys position 86 likely to be evolutionary conserved? Explainarrow_forwardUnanswered As a hobby you propagate a population of worms. You notice that one worm is now clear instead of being tan. You trace down the mutation and discover that it is a single basepair deletion in a pigmentation gene. Explain how a single basepair deletion could result in a drastic mutant phenotype. Your answer Write your response here... ion onarrow_forward
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