Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14.1, Problem 1CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS In a research article about alkaptonuria published in 1902, Garrod suggested that humans inherit two “characters” (alleles) for a particular enzyme and that both parents must contribute a faulty version for the offspring to have the disorder. Today, would this disorder be called dominant or recessive? (See Concept 11.4.)
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Legend:
Blue – wild-type β-galactosidase
Red – mutant β-galactosidase
_________ a. What is the optimum pH of wild type β-galactosidase?
_________ b. What is the optimum temperature of mutant β-galactosidase?
_________ c. Which enzyme has the greater activity at pH 7.2?
_________ d. Which enzyme has the greater activity at a temperature of 42.5oC?
_________ e. Which enzyme has greater activity if pH decreases from 7.5 to 6.4?
_________ f. Which enzyme has greater activity if temperature increases from 40oC to 41 oC?
. The allosterically regulated enzyme ATCase binds aspartic acid as a
substrate and acylates the a-amino group. Succinate acts as a competitive
inhibitor of ATCase because it binds the active site but can't be acylated. The
dependence of vo on [aspartic acid] for ATCase is shown in panel (a) of the
accompanying figure. Panel (b) shows the effect of increasing [succinate]
on v, when [Asp] is held at a low concentration (see thick vertical arrow in
panel (a)). Note that in panel (b), vo is not zero when [succinate] =0 (see
thin horizontal arrow). Explain the shape of the curve in panel (b). Why
does v, increase initially, before decreasing at higher [succinate]?
Co0-
COO
CH2
CH,
HC -NH,
CH,
COO
COO
Asp
Succinate
[Asp)
[Succinate]
[Asp] in
experiment b
(a)
(b)
the amino acid glutamic acid is at the active site of an enzyme. Normally the enzyme is active at pH 7. at pH 4 (higher concentration of H+), the enzyme is inactive. Explain there observations
Chapter 14 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 14.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In a research article about...Ch. 14.1 - What polypeptide product would you expect from a...Ch. 14.1 - DRAW IT The template strand of a gene contains the...Ch. 14.2 - What is a promoter? Is it located at the upstream...Ch. 14.2 - What enables RNA polymerase to start transcribing...Ch. 14.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose X-rays caused a sequence change...Ch. 14.3 - Given that there are about 20,000 human genes, how...Ch. 14.3 - How is RNA splicing similar to how you would watch...Ch. 14.3 - WHAT IF? What would be the effect of treating...Ch. 14.4 - What two processes ensure that the correct amino...
Ch. 14.4 - Discuss the ways in which rRNA structure likely...Ch. 14.4 - Describe how a polypeptide to be secreted is...Ch. 14.4 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT Draw a tRNA with the anticodon...Ch. 14.5 - What happens when one nucleotide pair is lost from...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 14.5 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT The template strand of a gene...Ch. 14 - In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 14 - The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is A....Ch. 14 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 14 - Which component is not directly involved in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 14 - Fill in the following table: Type of RNA Functions...Ch. 14 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Knowing that the genetic code...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 14 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION Evolution accounts for the...Ch. 14 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Some mutations result in...
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