Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 13, Problem 36RA
Summary Introduction
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Differences between the action potentials of cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle.
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Introduction:
Passing of electrical signals across the plasma membrane to activate a cell by a stimulus is known as an action potential. Action potential in cardiac muscle is used to pump the blood whereas in skeletal muscle it is used for the contraction of the muscle. The duration of the action potential in skeletal muscle is 2-5milliseconds and in cardiac muscle is 200-400milliseconds.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Physiology
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- a) A consequence of the Frank-Starling law of the heart is that the outputs of the right and left ventricles match. Explain why this is important and how this match is made.b) The excitation-contraction matching mechanism within the heart muscle is different from that of the skeletal muscle. How might these differences be related to the difference between action potentials in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?arrow_forwardHow does excitation–contraction coupling in cardiac muscle resemble that of skeletal muscle? How is it different?arrow_forwardIf all plasma membrane Ca21 channels in contractile cardiac muscle cells were blocked with a drug, what would happen to the muscle’s action potentials and contraction?arrow_forward
- Consider the ventricular cardiomyocyte action potential shown below: a) Which phase of the cardiac myocyte action potential would be most significantly affected by the L-type calcium channel blocker nifedipine? b) Draw the predicted effects of nifedipine on the cardiac myocyte action potential.arrow_forwardIn a sheet of ventricular cardiac muscle tissue, we should be able to observe electricity spreading between adjacent muscle cells (TRUE or FALSE) and from Purkinje fibers to muscle cells (TRUE or FALSE) via electrical synapses that form between the cell membranes.arrow_forwardWe analyzed the difference between the action potential of a cardiac contractile cell and an action potential in a neuron. Describe the physiological mechanisms behind the primary difference in the shape of these two action potentials. Why is this feature important to the normal workings of the heart?arrow_forward
- Based on Starling’s Law, how would increased blood flow to the heart during diastole (remember, this is when heart is filling with blood) affect cardiac muscle contractions?arrow_forwardWhat is the significance of the extended refractory period in cardiac muscle?arrow_forwardWhy is the rate of cardiac muscle relaxation faster when a positive inotropic agent is present?arrow_forward
- Explain why Purkinje fibers conduct action potentials morerapidly than other cardiac muscle cellsarrow_forwardCells in the body have the ability to undergo a transiet depolarization and repolarization. A. Plot the action potential of non-pacemaker cardiac myocyte and indicate what kinds of ion channels involved in each phase and compare ion movement during a myocardial cell's action potential to ion movement of a neuron's action potential. B.Explain why contractions in the cardiac muscle cells are different to skeletal muscle cells.arrow_forwardWhy is the plateau phase so critical to cardiac musclefunction?arrow_forward
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