Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 13, Problem 1ILQ

Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/braindevel) to examine the development of the brain, starting with the neural tube. As the anterior end of the neural tube develops, it enlarges into the primary vesicles that establish the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Those structures continue to develop throughout the rest of embryonic development and into adolescence. They are the basis of the structure of the fully developed adult brain. How would you describe the difference in the relative sizes of the three regions of the brain when comparing the early (25th embryonic day) brain and the adult brain?

Expert Solution & Answer
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Summary Introduction

To write:

The differences between in the relative sizes of the three regions of the brain in case of early brain and adult brain.

Introduction:

The brain is the central organ of the central nervous system. The forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain form the three primary portions of the brain during the early development of the central nervous system. The midbrain is associated with the vision, hearing, sleep, temperature control and is divided into the tectum, the cerebral aqueduct, tegmentum, and the basic pedunculi. The forebrain includes the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus. The hindbrain includes the medulla, pons, and cerebellum.

Explanation of Solution

The primary vesicles form these three basic regions of the brain called the forebrain, midbrain, and the hindbrain. Brain vesicles are the bulge-like structures found in the early development of the neural tube. They form the three primary brain vesicles called the prosencephalon (forebrain), mesencephalon (midbrain) and rhombencephalon (hindbrain). In the early brain stages, these three structures are of the same size when they are first established. The midbrain in the adult is smaller than the other two parts, the forebrain and the hindbrain which increase in the size compared to the early brain of the embryonic stage.

Conclusion

Thus, the difference between the early brain parts and the adult brain is in the size of the forebrain and hindbrain increasing in size.

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Chapter 13 Solutions

Anatomy & Physiology

Ch. 13 - Figure 13.22 To what structures in a skeletal...Ch. 13 - Visit this site...Ch. 13 - Aside from the nervous system, which other organ...Ch. 13 - Which primary vesicle of the embryonic nervous...Ch. 13 - Which adult structure(s) arises from the...Ch. 13 - Which non-nervous tissue develops from the...Ch. 13 - Which structure is associated with the embryologic...Ch. 13 - Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible...Ch. 13 - What region of the diencephalon coordinates...Ch. 13 - What level of the brain stem is the major input to...Ch. 13 - What region of the spinal cord contains motor...Ch. 13 - Brodmanns areas map different regions of the...Ch. 13 - What blood vessel enters the cranium to supply the...Ch. 13 - Which layer of the meninges surrounds and supports...Ch. 13 - What type of glial cell is responsible for...Ch. 13 - Which portion of the ventricular system is found...Ch. 13 - What condition causes a stroke? inflammation of...Ch. 13 - What type of ganglion contains neurons that...Ch. 13 - Which ganglion is responsible for cutaneous...Ch. 13 - What is the name for a bundle of axons within a...Ch. 13 - Which cranial nerve does not control functions in...Ch. 13 - Which of these structures is not under direct...Ch. 13 - Studying the embryonic development of the nervous...Ch. 13 - What happens in development that suggests that...Ch. 13 - Damage to specific regions of the cerebral cortex,...Ch. 13 - Why do the anatomical inputs to the cerebellum...Ch. 13 - Why can the circle of Willis maintain perfusion of...Ch. 13 - Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges that...Ch. 13 - Why are ganglia and nerves not surrounded by...Ch. 13 - Testing for neurological function involves a...
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