Interpretation:
If the effect of temperature on volume of balloon is studied and the size of balloon increases when temperature is increased, the independent and dependent variables needs to be explained. The factor which held constant and method to construct a control needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
The action of measuring the size or quantity of anything is defined as a measurement. A measure of hotness plus coldness of something is described as temperature.
A quest to discover the solution to a question by practicing the scientific method (or process) is described as scientific investigation or experiment.
Answer to Problem 17SSC
The independent variable = Temperature
The dependent variable = Volume (or size of the balloon)
Factor held constant = Balloon
Constructing a control = By keeping a balloon (an identical) at original temperature
Explanation of Solution
A variable being measured (or tested) in a scientific investigation\experiment called dependent variable. A variable that is controlled in a scientific experiment/investigation to examine the effects on the dependent variable called an independent variable. As per the above-mentioned condition, dependent variable is volume because it changes when the volume of balloon changes. In the same statement, the independent variable is temperature.
In a given statement, when the temperature increases, the volume (size) of the balloon will also increase. Thus, volume and temperature will be directly proportional. So, the factor that held constant is the balloon.
Control can be easily constructed by using another balloon (or an identical balloon) at normal room temperature.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Chemistry: Matter and Change
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