Chapter 12.5, Problem 12.17YT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral carbon atom in naproxen and L-DOPA has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Chirality: It refers to an atom in a molecule that contains four different substituents.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Functional groups present in naproxen and L-DOPA has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Functional group: They are certain substitutes in the organic molecules which are determine the characteristic reactions taking place in it.

Alcohol: It is an organic compound where it contains at least one $-OH$ group. It is represented as $ROH$.

Carboxylic acid: One $-OH$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOH$

Ether: Ether is a group of organic compound where two aryl or alkyl groups are connected by an oxygen atom. It is represented as $ROR\text{'}$.

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia $\left(N{H}_3\right)$ with one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a substituent such as an alkyl group.

Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.

Aromatic Compounds: Compounds that are planar, cyclic and having $\left(4n+2\right)\pi$ electrons are known as aromatic compounds.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Structural formula for the mirror images of naproxen and L-DOPA has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

In chemistry, structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule, specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond.

In structural formula,

• All of the atoms are shown at each end and intersection of bonds
• H atoms are shown

Enantiomers: The presence of atom with non-super impossible mirror image is defined as enantiomers which are given $\text{R and S}$ configuration based on the atoms bonded with them.