Chapter 12, Problem 12.70AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product obtained when the below compound reacts with H₂SO₄ reagent has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Dehydration of alcohol:

When alcohol reacts with ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$, it gives alkene as a product. This reaction involves elimination of water molecule by breaking of bonds between two adjacent atoms (C-OH and C-H), which is called as a dehydration reaction.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For a given Y is treated with ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cr}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{7}}$ reagent, the product has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Oxidation of alcohol:

During oxidation of alcohol, the number of $\text{C-O}$ bonds gets increased on product side and $\text{C-H}$ bond gets decreased on reactant side. In the oxidation reaction, reaction takes place between carbon attached to hydrogen atom and carbon attached to $\text{OH}$ group and finally C-O bond is formed leading to ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ removal from the reactant. Oxidation of an alcohol gives different products depending upon the type of alcohols and reagents take part in a reaction. Oxidation of alcohols give carbonyl group in the product side. In a primary alcohol, among the two $\text{C-H}$ bonds present, the first $\text{C-H}$ bond gets oxidized into aldehyde group and then further it gets oxidized into carboxylic acid group. In case of the secondary alcohol, only the one $\text{C-H}$ bond present is oxidized into ketones. For tertiary alcohol, there are no hydrogen atoms present and therefore, tertiary alcohols are not been able to be oxidized