Chapter 12, Problem 12.126EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the chemical formula for superoxide ion.

Concept introduction: The human body inhale ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ through respiration. $90\%$ of ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ consumed is utilized by the electron transport chain and phosphorylation process. Some part of the remaining ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ is converted into the reactive oxygen species (ROS).

ROS are important for the body but they have to be eliminated when they are not required as they are harmful when not needed.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the chemical formula for hydroxyl radical.

Concept introduction: The human body inhale ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ through respiration. $90\%$ of ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ consumed is utilized by the electron transport chain and phosphorylation process. Some part of the remaining ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ is converted into the reactive oxygen species (ROS).

ROS are important for the body but they have to be eliminated when they are not required. They are harmful to the human body so they are eliminated when they are not needed.