Organic And Biological Chemistry
Organic And Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305638686
Author: H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher: Brooks Cole
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Chapter 12, Problem 12.112EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex I when two electrons from an FADH2 molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH2 is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex II when two electrons from an FADH2 molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH2 is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex III when two electrons from an FADH2 molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH2 is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine the number of protons that cross the inner mitochondrial membrane at the complex IV when two electrons from an FADH2 molecule are passed through the electron transport chain.

Concept introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the biochemical process for the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. The energy required for the synthesis is transferred from the electron transport chain.

FADH2 is the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. The main function of flavin adenine dinucleotide is to act as an oxidizing agent and used by the cell in oxidation reactions like oxidation of fatty acid.

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1. Answer the questions about the following reaction: (a) Draw in the arrows that can be used make this reaction occur and draw in the product of substitution in this reaction. Be sure to include any relevant stereochemistry in the product structure. + SK F Br + (b) In which solvent would this reaction proceed the fastest (Circle one) Methanol Acetone (c) Imagine that you are working for a chemical company and it was your job to perform a similar reaction to the one above, with the exception of the S atom in this reaction being replaced by an O atom. During the reaction, you observe the formation of three separate molecules instead of the single molecule obtained above. What is the likeliest other products that are formed? Draw them in the box provided.
3. For the reactions below, draw the arrows corresponding to the transformations and draw in the boxes the reactants or products as indicated. Note: Part A should have arrows drawn going from the reactants to the middle structure and the arrows on the middle structure that would yield the final structure. For part B, you will need to draw in the reactant before being able to draw the arrows corresponding to product formation. A. B. Rearrangement ΘΗ
2. Draw the arrows required to make the following reactions occur. Please ensure your arrows point from exactly where you want to exactly where you want. If it is unclear from where arrows start or where they end, only partial credit will be given. Note: You may need to draw in lone pairs before drawing the arrows. A. B. H-Br 人 C Θ CI H Cl Θ + Br O

Chapter 12 Solutions

Organic And Biological Chemistry

Ch. 12.3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 12.4 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 12.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 12.6 - Which of the following occurs in the second stage...Ch. 12.6 - Which of the following stages in the biochemical...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 12.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 12.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12.7 - Prob. 3QQCh. 12.7 - How many NADH and FADH2 molecules are produced,...Ch. 12.7 - Which of the following citric acid cycle...Ch. 12.7 - In which of the following listings of citric acid...Ch. 12.8 - Which of the following is a fuel for the electron...Ch. 12.8 - Which of the following is a mobile electron...Ch. 12.8 - What is the substrate that initially interacts...Ch. 12.8 - The number of fixed enzyme sites in the electron...Ch. 12.8 - Prob. 5QQCh. 12.8 - In which step in the electron transport chain does...Ch. 12.9 - Prob. 1QQCh. 12.9 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12.9 - Prob. 3QQCh. 12.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 12.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12.11 - Prob. 1QQCh. 12.11 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12.11 - Prob. 3QQCh. 12.12 - How many different B vitamins participate in the...Ch. 12.12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 12 - Classify anabolism and catabolism as synthetic or...Ch. 12 - Classify anabolism and catabolism as...Ch. 12 - What is a metabolic pathway?Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.4EPCh. 12 - Classify each of the following processes as...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.6EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.7EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.8EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.9EPCh. 12 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.11EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.12EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.13EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.14EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.15EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.16EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.17EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.18EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.19EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.20EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.21EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.22EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.23EPCh. 12 - Write a generalized chemical equation, containing...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.25EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.26EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.27EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.28EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.29EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.30EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.31EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.32EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.33EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.34EPCh. 12 - What identical structural subunits do the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.36EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.37EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.38EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.39EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.40EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.41EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.42EPCh. 12 - Classify each of the following molecules as (1) an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.44EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.45EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.46EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.47EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.48EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.49EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.50EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.51EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.52EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.53EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.54EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.55EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.56EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.57EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.58EPCh. 12 - List, by name, the four general stages of the...Ch. 12 - Which, by name, of the four general stages of the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.61EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.62EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.63EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.64EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.65EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.66EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.67EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.68EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.69EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.70EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.71EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.72EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.73EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.74EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.75EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.76EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.77EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.78EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.79EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.80EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.81EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.82EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.83EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.84EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.85EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.86EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.87EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.88EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.89EPCh. 12 - Indicate whether each of the following changes...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.91EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.92EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.93EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.94EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.95EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.96EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.97EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.98EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.99EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.100EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.101EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.102EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.103EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.104EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.105EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.106EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.107EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.108EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.109EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.110EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.111EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.112EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.113EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.114EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.115EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.116EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.117EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.118EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.119EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.120EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.121EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.122EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.123EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.124EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.125EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.126EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.127EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.128EPCh. 12 - Indicate whether or not each of the following B...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.130EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.131EPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.132EP
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