To draw the structural formula for fumaric acid. Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid . The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid. Fumaric acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 12, Problem 12.48EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumaric acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Fumaric acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumarate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malic acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Malic acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid. The first class consists of malate, oxaloacetate and fumarate ion which are derivative of succinic acid. The second class consists of α−ketoglutarate and citrate ion which is a derivative of glutaric acid

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 12, Problem 12.48EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumaric acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Fumaric acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumarate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malic acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Malic acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid. The first class consists of malate, oxaloacetate and fumarate ion which are derivative of succinic acid. The second class consists of α−ketoglutarate and citrate ion which is a derivative of glutaric acid

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 12, Problem 12.48EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumaric acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Fumaric acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumarate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malic acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Malic acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid. The first class consists of malate, oxaloacetate and fumarate ion which are derivative of succinic acid. The second class consists of α−ketoglutarate and citrate ion which is a derivative of glutaric acid

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 12, Problem 12.48EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumaric acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Fumaric acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumarate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malic acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Malic acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid. The first class consists of malate, oxaloacetate and fumarate ion which are derivative of succinic acid. The second class consists of α−ketoglutarate and citrate ion which is a derivative of glutaric acid

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 12.48EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumaric acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Fumaric acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumarate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malic acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Malic acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid. The first class consists of malate, oxaloacetate and fumarate ion which are derivative of succinic acid. The second class consists of α−ketoglutarate and citrate ion which is a derivative of glutaric acid

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 12.48EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumaric acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Fumaric acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 12.48EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumaric acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Fumaric acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumarate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for fumarate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malic acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Malic acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malic acid.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid.

Malic acid is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid. The structure of succinic acid is:

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid. The first class consists of malate, oxaloacetate and fumarate ion which are derivative of succinic acid. The second class consists of α−ketoglutarate and citrate ion which is a derivative of glutaric acid

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To draw the structural formula for malate ion.

Concept introduction: There are a number of metabolic reaction that occur in the human body for completion of functions. During these metabolic reactions, the various metabolic intermediates are formed for the short time to complete the reactions. Polyfunctional carboxylate ions are also the metabolic intermediate formed during metabolic pathways.

Polyfunctional carboxylate ions act as a substrate in the metabolic pathways and can be divided into two parts depending upon the parent carboxylic acid. The two parent carboxylic acids are succinic acid and glutaric acid. The first class consists of malate, oxaloacetate and fumarate ion which are derivative of succinic acid. The second class consists of α−ketoglutarate and citrate ion which is a derivative of glutaric acid

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 12.2 - Which of the following is not found within the...Ch. 12.2 - Which of the following is not an organelle? a....Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 12.2 - Which of the following statements about...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 12.3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 12.3 - Which of the following statements concerning...

Solution Summary: The author explains the structure of fumarate ion, which is an unsaturated derivative of succinic acid.

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Chapter 12 Solutions