
(a)
Interpretation: In the given options the elements (Na, Rb and Cs) with least ability to gain or lose electron is to be mentioned.
Concept Introduction: When moving down the group, the tendency of an atom to lose the electron increases. This is the result of increase in its electropositive nature. This also implies that the atoms of the element present at the top of the group will be better at gaining electrons than the ones present at the bottom.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
All these elements belong to group 1 of the periodic table with Na at the top, Rb in middle and Cs at the bottom. Since, the atoms of the element present at the top of the group will be better at gaining electrons than the ones present at the bottom, Na shows the least ability to lose electrons and Cs shows least ability to gain electrons.
(b)
Interpretation: In the given options the elements (Be, Ca and Ba) with least ability to gain or lose electron is to be mentioned.
Concept Introduction: When moving down the group, the tendency of an atom to lose the electron increases. This is the result of increase in its electropositive nature. This also implies that the atoms of the element present at the top of the group will be better at gaining electrons than the ones present at the bottom.
(b)

Explanation of Solution
All these elements belong to group 2 of the periodic table with Be at the top, Ca in middle and Ba at the bottom. Since, the atoms of the element present at the top of the group will be better at gaining electrons than the ones present at the bottom, Be shows the least ability to lose electrons and Ba shows least ability to gain electrons.
(c)
Interpretation: In the given options the elements (F, Cl and Br) with least ability to gain or lose electron is to be mentioned.
Concept Introduction: When moving down the group, the tendency of an atom to lose the electron increases. This is the result of increase in its electropositive nature. This also implies that the atoms of the element present at the top of the group will be better at gaining electrons than the ones present at the bottom.
(c)

Explanation of Solution
All these elements belong to group 17 of the periodic table with F at the top, Cl in middle and Br at the bottom. Since, the atoms of the element present at the top of the group will be better at gaining electrons than the ones present at the bottom, F shows the least ability to lose electrons and Br shows least ability to gain electrons.
(d)
Interpretation: In the given options the elements (O, S and Te) with least ability to gain or lose electron is to be mentioned.
Concept Introduction: When moving down the group, the tendency of an atom to lose the electron increases. This is the result of increase in its electropositive nature. This also implies that the atoms of the element present at the top of the group will be better at gaining electrons than the ones present at the bottom.
(d)

Explanation of Solution
All these elements belong to group 16 of the periodic table with O at the top, S in middle and Te at the bottom. Since, the atoms of the element present at the top of the group will be better at gaining electrons than the ones present at the bottom, O shows the least ability to lose electrons and Te shows least ability to gain electrons.
Chapter 11 Solutions
World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
- Draw the epoxide formed when the following alkene is treated with mCPBA. Click the "draw structure" button to launch the drawing utility. draw structure ...arrow_forwardRank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation Check CF3 (Choose one) OH (Choose one) H (Choose one) (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacyarrow_forwardIdentifying electron-donating and electron-withdrawing effects For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density CF3 O donating O donating O electron-rich O withdrawing withdrawing O no inductive effects O no resonance effects O electron-deficient O similar to benzene OCH3 Explanation Check O donating O donating ○ withdrawing withdrawing O no inductive effects no resonance effects electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene Х © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forward
- The acid-base chemistry of both EDTA and EBT are important to ensuring that the reactions proceed as desired, thus the pH is controlled using a buffer. What percent of the EBT indicator will be in the desired HIn2- state at pH = 10.5. pKa1 = 6.2 and pKa2 = 11.6 of EBTarrow_forwardCUE COLUMN NOTES (A. Determine Stereoisomers it has ⑤ Identify any meso B compounds cl Br cl -c-c-c-c-¿- 1 CI C- | 2,4-Dichloro-3-bromopentanearrow_forwardThe acid-base chemistry of both EDTA and EBT are important to ensuring that the reactions proceed as desired, thus the pH is controlled using a buffer. What percent of the EBT indicator will be in the desired HIn2- state at pH = 10.5. pKa1 = 6.2 and pKa2 = 11.6 of EBTarrow_forward
- What does the phrase 'fit for purpose' mean in relation to analytical chemistry? Please provide examples too.arrow_forwardFor each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density × NO2 ○ donating O donating O withdrawing O withdrawing O electron-rich electron-deficient no inductive effects O no resonance effects O similar to benzene E [ CI O donating withdrawing O no inductive effects Explanation Check ○ donating withdrawing no resonance effects electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Accesarrow_forwardUnderstanding how substituents activate Rank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation HN NH2 Check X (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Aarrow_forward
- Identifying electron-donating and electron-withdrawing effects on benzene For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Inductive Effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density Molecule CF3 O donating O donating O withdrawing O withdrawing O no inductive effects O no resonance effects electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene CH3 O donating O withdrawing O no inductive effects O donating O withdrawing Ono resonance effects O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene Explanation Check Х © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forward* Hint: Think back to Chem 1 solubility rules. Follow Up Questions for Part B 12. What impact do the following disturbances to a system at equilibrium have on k, the rate constant for the forward reaction? Explain. (4 pts) a) Changing the concentration of a reactant or product. (2 pts) b) Changing the temperature of an exothermic reaction. (2 pts) ofarrow_forwardDraw TWO general chemical equation to prepare Symmetrical and non-Symmetrical ethers Draw 1 chemical reaction of an etherarrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





