Chapter 11, Problem 37A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Relation in electronic arrangement in vertical column of periodic tableis to be explained. Also how this relationship is observed among the elements of a group is to be explained.

Concept introduction:Periodic table is an arrangement where elements are arranged on the basis of their increasing atomic number. It consists of 18 group and 7 periods. The valence electron in any atom governs its properties to large extent and decide their place in periodic table. Periodic table arranges elements on basis of their chemical properties.

Explanation of Solution

In a periodic table, elements which belong to the same group or vertical column have same number of valence electron, only they differ in principal energy level they occupy. Example is group 18 that consist of all noble elements like $\text{He,Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn}$ have one thing in common that they all contain 8 electrons in their valence shell.

Also a similarity in chemical properties is also observed in the elements of same group like the elements of group 18.All are inert towards majority of reactions as they complete configuration of electrons. Similarly, group 17 that is halogen atoms all are highly electronegative and show similar types of reaction.