Chapter 11, Problem 36A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Location of valence electrons in an atom and their significance in their chemical properties is to be explained.

Concept introduction: In an atom, 3-D space around nucleus in which probability of searching an electron of particular energy is maximum, is called orbital. Quantum numbers are group of 4 numbers which tell everything about electron present in an atom. The valence electron in any atom governs its properties to large extent and decided their place in periodic table. Periodic table arranges elements on basis of their chemical properties.

Answer to Problem 36A

Valence electrons are the electrons in principal energy level with highest energy or maximum distance from nucleus. They are significant to the chemical properties of an atom as being the outermost electrons they are involved in any reaction that occurs and in bond formation with other atoms.

Explanation of Solution

Valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that is the principal energy level with highest energy or maximum distance from nucleus. They are significant to the chemical properties of an atom as being the outermost electrons they are involved in any reaction that occurs and in bond formation with other atoms.

Core electrons are those which are present in the inner shells and do not participate in bond formation. Hence they are inert.

Conclusion

Valence electrons are electrons in principal energy level with highest energy or maximum distance from nucleus. They are significant to the chemical properties of an atom as being the outermost electrons they are involved in any reaction that occurs and in bond formation with other atoms.