Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780073398174
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10.9, Problem 88P
Why is mercury a suitable working fluid for the topping portion of a binary vapor cycle but not for the bottoming cycle?
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An ideal reheat rankine cycle is characterized by a steam generator pressure of 11 MPa and a temperature of 600°C. The turbine operates in such a way that the quality of steam leaving should not be more than 0.896. If the condensing pressure is 10 kPa, what isa. the reheating pressureb. the thermal efficiency of the cycle
Steam at 10 MPa and 550 o C enters reheat-regenerative engine and expands to 3 MPa where m 1 is
extracted for feedwater heating, the remainder is withdrawn and and reheated to 550 o C. Expansion
then occurs to 1.8 MPa, where m 2 is extracted for feedwater heating with the remaining steam
withdrawn and reheated to 550 o C. The third extraction for feedwater heating is at 0.1 MPa. Condenser
is at 45 o C. Calculate: a) m 1,m 2, m 3, b) ideal work of the engine, c) boiler feedwater pump work, d)
Heat Added, e) thermal efficiency of the engine , f) thermal efficiency of the cycle, g) heat rate.
Draw: The T-S diagram of the cycle. Check the critical pressure and temperature of the isobutane.
Please explain the steps in the process to solve this.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 10.9 - Why is the Carnot cycle not a realistic model for...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 2PCh. 10.9 - A steady-flow Carnot cycle uses water as the...Ch. 10.9 - A steady-flow Carnot cycle uses water as the...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a steady-flow Carnot cycle with water as...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle with fixed...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle with fixed...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle with fixed...Ch. 10.9 - How do actual vapor power cycles differ from...Ch. 10.9 - The entropy of steam increases in actual steam...
Ch. 10.9 - Is it possible to maintain a pressure of 10 kPa in...Ch. 10.9 - 10–12 A steam power plant operates on a simple...Ch. 10.9 - 10–13 Refrigerant-134a is used as the working...Ch. 10.9 - 10–14 A simple ideal Rankine cycle which uses...Ch. 10.9 - 10–15E A simple ideal Rankine cycle with water as...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a 210-MW steam power plant that operates...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a 210-MW steam power plant that operates...Ch. 10.9 - A steam Rankine cycle operates between the...Ch. 10.9 - A steam Rankine cycle operates between the...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 20PCh. 10.9 - Prob. 21PCh. 10.9 - A simple Rankine cycle uses water as the working...Ch. 10.9 - The net work output and the thermal efficiency for...Ch. 10.9 - A binary geothermal power plant uses geothermal...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a coal-fired steam power plant that...Ch. 10.9 - Show the ideal Rankine cycle with three stages of...Ch. 10.9 - How do the following quantities change when a...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle and an ideal...Ch. 10.9 - An ideal reheat Rankine cycle with water as the...Ch. 10.9 - 10–31 A steam power plant operates on the ideal...Ch. 10.9 - Steam enters the high-pressure turbine of a steam...Ch. 10.9 - 10–34 Consider a steam power plant that operates...Ch. 10.9 - A steam power plant operates on an ideal reheat...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a steam power plant that operates on a...Ch. 10.9 - Repeat Prob. 1041 assuming both the pump and the...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 39PCh. 10.9 - How do open feedwater heaters differ from closed...Ch. 10.9 - How do the following quantities change when the...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 43PCh. 10.9 - 10–44 The closed feedwater heater of a...Ch. 10.9 - A steam power plant operates on an ideal...Ch. 10.9 - A steam power plant operates on an ideal...Ch. 10.9 - 10–47 A steam power plant operates on an ideal...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a steam power plant that operates on the...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a steam power plant that operates on the...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a steam power plant that operates on the...Ch. 10.9 - Consider an ideal steam regenerative Rankine cycle...Ch. 10.9 - A steam power plant operates on an ideal...Ch. 10.9 - Repeat Prob. 1060, but replace the open feedwater...Ch. 10.9 - 10–57 An ideal Rankine steam cycle modified with...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 58PCh. 10.9 - Prob. 59PCh. 10.9 - Prob. 60PCh. 10.9 - Consider a steam power plant that operates on a...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 63PCh. 10.9 - Prob. 64PCh. 10.9 - The schematic of a single-flash geothermal power...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 66PCh. 10.9 - Prob. 67PCh. 10.9 - Consider a cogeneration plant for which the...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 69PCh. 10.9 - A large food-processing plant requires 1.5 lbm/s...Ch. 10.9 - Steam is generated in the boiler of a cogeneration...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a cogeneration power plant modified with...Ch. 10.9 - Steam is generated in the boiler of a cogeneration...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 75PCh. 10.9 - Why is the combined gassteam cycle more efficient...Ch. 10.9 - The gas-turbine portion of a combined gassteam...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 78PCh. 10.9 - Prob. 80PCh. 10.9 - Consider a combined gassteam power plant that has...Ch. 10.9 - Why is steam not an ideal working fluid for vapor...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 86PCh. 10.9 - What is the difference between the binary vapor...Ch. 10.9 - Why is mercury a suitable working fluid for the...Ch. 10.9 - By writing an energy balance on the heat exchanger...Ch. 10.9 - Steam enters the turbine of a steam power plant...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 91RPCh. 10.9 - A steam power plant operates on an ideal Rankine...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a steam power plant operating on the...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a steam power plant that operates on a...Ch. 10.9 - Repeat Prob. 1098 assuming both the pump and the...Ch. 10.9 - Consider an ideal reheatregenerative Rankine cycle...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 97RPCh. 10.9 - Prob. 98RPCh. 10.9 - A textile plant requires 4 kg/s of saturated steam...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a cogeneration power plant that is...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 101RPCh. 10.9 - Reconsider Prob. 10105E. It has been suggested...Ch. 10.9 - Reconsider Prob. 10106E. During winter, the system...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 104RPCh. 10.9 - Prob. 105RPCh. 10.9 - Prob. 106RPCh. 10.9 - A steam power plant operates on an ideal...Ch. 10.9 - Show that the thermal efficiency of a combined...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 113RPCh. 10.9 - Starting with Eq. 1020, show that the exergy...Ch. 10.9 - A solar collector system delivers heat to a power...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle. If the...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle with fixed...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle with fixed...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle with fixed...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 120FEPCh. 10.9 - A simple ideal Rankine cycle operates between the...Ch. 10.9 - Prob. 122FEPCh. 10.9 - Prob. 123FEPCh. 10.9 - Consider a combined gas-steam power plant. Water...Ch. 10.9 - Pressurized feedwater in a steam power plant is to...Ch. 10.9 - Consider a steam power plant that operates on the...
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- Consider a simple ideal Rankine cycle with fixed boiler and condenser pressure and condenser pressures and turbine inlet temperature. What happens if the cycle is modified with ideal regeneration that involves one closed feed water heater? (Per unit mass of steam flowing through the boiler)arrow_forwardWhat are the two benefits of adding a reheater to a Rankine cycle?arrow_forwardIn an ideal Rankine cycle the boiler pressure is 10 MPa. All components are operating at steady state and adiabatically. The steam enters the turbine at 550oC. The condenser pressure is 15 kPa. Determine the cycle efficiency.Find the entropy generation for the condenser for 6 kg/min mass flow rate of steam. This is a Thermodynamics question. Please explain all steps and write nicely. Thanks.arrow_forward
- What is the thermal efficiency in an otto cycle using air if it has a compression constant of 8?arrow_forwardThe following data was given for a steam power plant operating on the ideal reheat Rankine cycle. 3-4: Inlet steam at 17.5 MPa and 600 'C 6-1: inlet steam at a pressure of 11.16 kPa at a wetness fraction of 0.1. At state 1, the specific volume is 0.00101 m³/kg Assessor's Signature Moderator's Signature Page 6 of 33 In a steam plant operating on a Rankine cycle, steam is supplied, dry saturated at 40 bar and 600 °C to a turbine and the condenser pressure is 0.08 bar. Calculate, per kilogram of steam (feed-pump work should be considered in 4.2, 4.4,4.5 and 4.6), High-P turbine Low-P turbine Reheater (4) Boiler P4 = P5 = Preheat Pump Condenser Data: P3= t3= and P6= Show the working of the values provided in box below such interpolation steps and pump work. (7)arrow_forwardA binary-vapor cycle operates on mercury and steam. Saturated mercury vapor at 6 bar is supplied to the mercury turbine, from which it exhaust at 0.08 bar. The mercury condenser generates saturated steam at 20 bar which is expanded in a steam turbine to 0.04 bar. (i) Find the overall efficiency of the cycle. (ii) If 50000 kg/h of steam flows through the steam turbine, what is the flow through the mercury turbine? (iii) Assuming that all processes are reversible, what is the useful work done in the binary vapor cycle for the specified steam flow? (iv) If the steam leaving the mercury condenser is superheated to a temperature of 300°C in a superheater located in the mercury boiler, and if the internal efficiencies of the mercury and steam turbines are 0.85 and 0.87 respectively, calculate the overall efficiency of the cycle. The properties of mercury are given below. P bar t°C hf (kJ/kg) hg (kl/kg) Sf (kJ/kg K) Sg (kJ/kg vf (m3/kg) K) vg (m3/kg) 6 480 68.75 359.65 0.1384 0.5327 79.9x10-6…arrow_forward
- In a steam plant 100 kg/min of dry-saturated steam at 30 bar enters the turbine. After expanding isentropic ally the exhaust steam enters the condenser. The condenser pressure is maintained at 0.1 bar by the cooling water taken from a nearby river. Calculate the following: a. Dryness fraction of exhaust steam. b. Turbine work output. c. Work input to the feed pump. d. Heat supplied to the boiler. e. Heat rejected to the cooling water. f. Efficiency of the plant. g. Net power output.arrow_forwardIn a Rankine cycle, water leaves the condenser as saturated liquid with a pressure of 20 kPa. Steamleaves the boiler at 4.5 MPa and 400 C. Assume a pump isentropic efficiency of 0.8 and a turbineisentropic efficiency of 0.9. Also assume that there are no pressure losses in the boiler and condenser.(a) Show the cycle on a T-s diagram.(b) Draw the schematic of the system.(c) Determine the net power output.(d) Determine the thermal efficiency of the cycle.arrow_forward1. In a Rankine cycle, steam enters the turbine at 2.5 MPa and condenser of 50 kPa.What is the thermal efficiency of the cycle? 2. Steam enters the superheater of a boiler at a pressure of 25 bar and dryness of 0.98 and leaves at the same pressure at a temperature of 370OC. Calculate the heat energy supplied per kg of steam supplied in the superheater. Kindly answer question 1 and 2 and show solution. Please help me. Thank youarrow_forward
- In an ideal reheat-rgenerative cycle, steam enters the turbine at 6 MPaa and 400 degrees Celsius. After expansion to 1.4 MPaa steam is withdrawn and reheated to 300 degrees Celsius . Extractions for regenerative heating occur at 0.15 MPaa and 1.4 MPaa and the condenser pressure is 0.1 MPaa. Use mass flowrate of 1 kg/s.arrow_forwardShow complete solutions. In an ideal reheat-regenerative cycle, steam enters the turbine at 8.1547 Mpa and 400.547°C. After expansion to 280.547°C the steam is withdrawn and reheated to 340°C. Extractions for feedwater heating occurs at 1.6547 Mpa and 0.70547 Mpa and condenser pressure is 0.005547 Mpa a) For ideal cycle, find e,? b) Draw the schematic diagram and T-s diagram with label.arrow_forwardHigh-P turbine Low-P turbine Reheater (4) Boiler P = P5 = Prchcat Pump Condenser The following data was given for a steam power plant operating on the ideal reheat Rankine cycle. 3-4 Inlet steam at 17.5 MPa and 600 C 6-1 inlet steam at a pressure of 11.16 kPa at a wetness fraction of 0.1 At state 1, the specific volume is 0.00101 m /kg Find the specific enthalpy in kJ/kg at state 5.arrow_forward
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